Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Secure Data Analytics (ICAISDA 2025)

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A Comprehensive Review on Cyber Investigation and Detection across Ontology-Driven Dark Web and Email Phishing

Authors
P. Suriya1, *, G. Balamurugan2, O. S. Shabin3
1Teaching Cum Research Officer (IT/Cybersecurity), Rashtriya Raksha University, Puducherry Campus, Pondicherry, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Computing Technologies, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur Campus, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
3Assistant Professor (Criminology), Rashtriya Raksha University, Puducherry Campus, Puducherry, India
*Corresponding author. Email: P.Surya@rru.ac.in
Corresponding Author
P. Suriya
Available Online 31 March 2026.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6239-616-6_109How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Ontology; Phishing attacks; Dark web; Email Phishing
Abstract

Ontology-based methods provide a semantically rich and context-aware approach for cyber investigation, enabling structured representation of entities, relationships, and behavioural patterns across diverse threat landscapes. This review emphasises recent developments in ontology-driven phishing detection, emphasising innovations like knowledge graph integration, neuro-symbolic hybrid models and intelligent interface personalisation. It explores how ontologies improve forensic reasoning, enable semantic profiling of dark web ecosystems and support real-time threat attribution. This paper also identifies key trends, including federated reasoning and human-centric modelling, while critically analysing persistent challenges like explainability, ethical design and scalability. Through planning of present methodologies and identifying the research gaps, this review offers a conceptual foundation for future enhancement in semantic cybersecurity, focusing on strengthening the digital resilience against increasingly adaptive and covert phishing threats.

Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Secure Data Analytics (ICAISDA 2025)
Series
Advances in Intelligent Systems Research
Publication Date
31 March 2026
ISBN
978-94-6239-616-6
ISSN
1951-6851
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6239-616-6_109How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - P. Suriya
AU  - G. Balamurugan
AU  - O. S. Shabin
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/31
TI  - A Comprehensive Review on Cyber Investigation and Detection across Ontology-Driven Dark Web and Email Phishing
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Secure Data Analytics (ICAISDA 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 1514
EP  - 1530
SN  - 1951-6851
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-616-6_109
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-616-6_109
ID  - Suriya2026
ER  -