Bioactivity of Ethanol Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves on Mortality and Its Effect on Changes in Morphology and Midgut Tissue of Aedes aegypti Larvae

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-730-4_26How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Aedes aegypti; Muntingia calabura; Bioactivity; Mortality

Abstract

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) spreading from one to another through its bite. Many efforts have been made to control mosquito vectors of DHP, both chemically and naturally. One natural control is the use of Muntingia calabura (kersen) leaf extract, as a larval poison. M. calabura is considered to be potentially toxic to larvae since it contains secondary metabolites, presumably toxic to them. The aim of this study was to determine secondary metabolites contained in the M. calabura ethanolic extract followed by determining their bioactivity on mortality and their effect on morphology changes and midgut tissue of A. aegypti larvae. The ethanolic extract on M. calabura leaf contained saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids and alkaloids. Bioactivity of the extract indicated by the death of Ae.aegypti larvae, the highest was at a concentration of 1% (100% death) and the lowest was at a concentration of 0.25% (53.75% death). Shortening, shrunken, and darker color of the larvae body was indicated after administration of the extract. Histopathological observations on the midgut tissue found some damage in the peritrophic membrane, epithelial cells, basement membrane, as well as damage of the structure of the midgut cells.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Emantis Rosa
AU  - Ratu Insani
AU  - Dzul Fithria Mumtazah
AU  - Endang Linirin Widiastuti
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/05/27
TI  - Bioactivity of Ethanol Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves on Mortality and Its Effect on Changes in Morphology and Midgut Tissue of Aedes aegypti Larvae
BT  - Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Sciences, Mathematics, and Informatics (ICASMI 2024)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 308
EP  - 316
SN  - 2352-541X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-730-4_26
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-730-4_26
ID  - Rosa2025
ER  -