Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science 2025 (iCAST-ES 2025)

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Automation of a Miniature AHU System with a Hybrid PLC-ESP32 Controller Based on Modbus TCP/IP

Authors
Arum Kusuma Wardhany1, 2, *, Hatib Setiana1, Muhammad Chair Fadhil1, Danang Widjajanto1, Alvin Pratama1
1Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
2Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: arum.kusumawardhany@elektro.pnj.ac.id
Corresponding Author
Arum Kusuma Wardhany
Available Online 31 December 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_42How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Air Handling Unit; ESP32; Modbus TCP/IP; PLC
Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniature Air Handling Unit (AHU) system using a hybrid PLC–ESP32 controller integrated via the Modbus TCP/IP protocol. The system incorporates temperature and humidity sensors (DHT22 and DS18B20) to control air circulation devices such as fans, a heater, and a cooling coil. Real-time testing was conducted to evaluate heating and cooling responses, with data monitored through an HMI-SCADA interface. The heating test raised the room temperature from 30.5 ℃ to 37.2 ℃, while the cooling test lowered it to 29.9 ℃. Temperature and humidity readings from both HMI and Thermogun devices remained consistent within acceptable tolerances, indicating high measurement accuracy. The system also demonstrated expected changes in relative humidity: decreasing during heating and increasing during cooling. These results confirm the system’s effectiveness and reliability in regulating thermal conditions. The integration of PLC and ESP32 through Modbus TCP/IP provided stable communication and flexible control, making the proposed system suitable for laboratory-scale HVAC simulations or small industrial applications.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science 2025 (iCAST-ES 2025)
Series
Advances in Engineering Research
Publication Date
31 December 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-926-1
ISSN
2352-5401
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_42How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Arum Kusuma Wardhany
AU  - Hatib Setiana
AU  - Muhammad Chair Fadhil
AU  - Danang Widjajanto
AU  - Alvin Pratama
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/31
TI  - Automation of a Miniature AHU System with a Hybrid PLC-ESP32 Controller Based on Modbus TCP/IP
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science 2025 (iCAST-ES 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 367
EP  - 375
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_42
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_42
ID  - Wardhany2025
ER  -