Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science 2025 (iCAST-ES 2025)

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Prevalence of Unergonomic Postures and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Traditional Gamelan Craftsmen in Bali

Authors
I Ketut Gde Juli Suarbawa1, *, M. Yusuf1, Lilik Sudiajeng2, Hendriketa da Silva3
1Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Bali, Indonesia
2Civil Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Bali, Indonesia
3National University of Timor Lorosae, Dili, Timor-Leste
*Corresponding author. Email: julisuarbawa@pnb.ac.id
Corresponding Author
I Ketut Gde Juli Suarbawa
Available Online 31 December 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_10How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Forging metal; Work postures; fatigue score; and Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) score
Abstract

This study investigated the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and fatigue among Balinese gamelan craftsmen engaged in bronze forging. A pre-experimental pre–post design was applied to 51 workers meeting specific inclusion criteria. Fatigue was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30, MSDs with the Nordic Body Map, and postural angles via digital goniometer and video analysis. Measurements were taken before and after a four-hour work session. Results showed that forward-bending postures up to 36.9° were common, contributing to significant increases in fatigue (mean rise: 42.5%) and MSD complaints (mean rise: 68.1%), with the back and neck most affected. Correlation analysis confirmed a strong association between fatigue and MSD scores (r = 0.72, p < 0.01). These findings highlight urgent ergonomic risks in the gamelan industry. Practical recommendations include workstation adjustment, ergonomic tool redesign, and structured rest breaks. Broader application of ergonomic standards in traditional industries is essential to safeguard craftsmen’s health, sustain cultural heritage, and improve productivity while reducing long-term healthcare costs.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science 2025 (iCAST-ES 2025)
Series
Advances in Engineering Research
Publication Date
31 December 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-926-1
ISSN
2352-5401
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_10How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - I Ketut Gde Juli Suarbawa
AU  - M. Yusuf
AU  - Lilik Sudiajeng
AU  - Hendriketa da Silva
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/31
TI  - Prevalence of Unergonomic Postures and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Traditional Gamelan Craftsmen in Bali
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science 2025 (iCAST-ES 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_10
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-926-1_10
ID  - Suarbawa2025
ER  -