Analysis On Typical Scenarios of Virtual Power Plants

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-986-5_90How to use a DOI?

Keywords

VPPs; New power system; Distributed energy resources

Abstract

Virtual power plant (VPP) is trading entities in the new generation of power markets that can rapidly aggregate various energy sources, create value by leveraging a large number of flexible resources, and bring volatility to the grid. To address some of the issues in the development of VPPs, this paper starts from the basic theory of virtual power plants, first summarizes the evolution of its definition, and ultimately refers to it as a power operation organization model that aggregates various decentralized resources, and collaborates in the optimization of the power system and power market transactions. Secondly, the existence architecture of VPPs is divided into a three-layer structure of energy, information, and value, explaining the entire process of how to transform energy into information and bring value. Subsequently, the basic and advanced characteristics and functions of VPPs are introduced. In the application scenarios section, the aggregation and types of distributed energy sources are first mentioned, followed by some typical domestic VPP cases and their related data. Finally, multiple operational and transaction models of VPP markets are introduced. In the third part, the problems of resource aggregation and coordinated control encountered by VPPs are summarized. Resource aggregation requires a large amount of data and continuous calculation, while coordinated control has three architectures: centralized control with the advantage of central decision-making, distributed control with a wide control domain, and the currently underdeveloped centralized-distributed control. Each has its own advantages, so this paper also analyzes the preferred solutions in different situations.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Download article (PDF)

TY  - CONF
AU  - Mozhi Li
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/02/18
TI  - Analysis On Typical Scenarios of Virtual Power Plants
BT  - Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Electronics, Electrical and Grid Technology (ICEEGT 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 882
EP  - 890
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-986-5_90
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-986-5_90
ID  - Li2026
ER  -