Disengagement Behavior as an Early Predictor of Children with Learning Difficulties in Elementary School

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-543-0_8How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Disengagement Behavior; Early Detection; Elementary Education; Learning Difficulties; Student Engagement

Abstract

The literacy and numeracy skills of Indonesian students remain low, partly due to learning difficulties that are not addressed from an early stage. One indicator that can be used for early detection is disengagement behavior, namely the lack of student involvement in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects at school. This study aims to reveal the profile of disengagement behavior in elementary school students who are indicated to have learning difficulties. This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach. The method used was descriptive analysis, focusing on empirical data obtained through observation and coding of dominant disengagement behaviors among elementary school students. The findings indicate that most students fall into the moderate disengagement category (59.2%), with dominant behaviors including remaining silent or not asking questions and failing to complete assignments on time. Disengagement appeared more frequently in passive forms rather than disruptive behaviors. Disengagement behavior can serve as an early indicator of learning difficulties and provide a basis for teachers to conduct early detection and intervention by creating a more inclusive classroom climate that fosters students’ emotional engagement.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Gaby Arnez
AU  - Arisul Mahdi
AU  - Syari Yuliana
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/02/26
TI  - Disengagement Behavior as an Early Predictor of Children with Learning Difficulties in Elementary School
BT  - Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Education and Social Science Research (ICESRE 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 69
EP  - 76
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-543-0_8
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-543-0_8
ID  - Arnez2026
ER  -