Proceedings of the International Conference on Resilient Innovations for Subsistence Environment (IC-RISE-2025)

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Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture: Global Review of Floating Beds and Undersea Cultivation

Authors
D. Suneetha1, *, T. Sreevaram2, Srinivasa Rao Narra3
1Principal, Government Degree College, Yeleswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
2Principal, Government Degree College, Gummalakshmipuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
3Department of Geology, Government College (A), Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
*Corresponding author.
Corresponding Author
D. Suneetha
Available Online 5 March 2026.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6239-606-7_8How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Resilient agriculture; floating gardens; undersea cultivation; seawater/ solar greenhouse; halophytes
Abstract

As climate shocks intensify, food production is moving beyond conventional soil-based farming. This review synthesizes the agronomy, resilience mechanisms, economics, and environmental performance of several frontier or revived systems: Bangladesh’s floating garden “baira/dhap” undersea biosphere cultivation (Nemo’s Garden, Italy), seawater/solar greenhouses (e.g., Sundrop Farms, Australia), halophyte (salt-tolerant) cropping, and “3-D ocean farming” (kelp and bivalves). Based on peer-reviewed literature and institutional reports, we summarize resource use, outputs, indicative costs, and life-cycle Green House Gas (GHG) intensities where (Life Cycle Assessment) LCAs exist. We find strong adaptation benefits for specific stressors flooding (floating beds), freshwater scarcity and heat (seawater greenhouses, halophytes) and coastal nutrient issues (seaweed/bivalves). Evidence gaps include robust LCAs for floating beds and undersea biospheres and standardized cost datasets for marine farms. We conclude with priorities for policy, finance and research.

Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Resilient Innovations for Subsistence Environment (IC-RISE-2025)
Series
Advances in Biological Sciences Research
Publication Date
5 March 2026
ISBN
978-94-6239-606-7
ISSN
2468-5747
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6239-606-7_8How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - D. Suneetha
AU  - T. Sreevaram
AU  - Srinivasa Rao Narra
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/05
TI  - Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture: Global Review of Floating Beds and Undersea Cultivation
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Resilient Innovations for Subsistence Environment (IC-RISE-2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
SN  - 2468-5747
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-606-7_8
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-606-7_8
ID  - Suneetha2026
ER  -