Research on the Mechanism and Treatment Design of Water Inrush in Extra-Long Tunnels Underpassing Karst Vertical Seepage Zones
- DOI
- 10.2991/978-94-6239-600-5_24How to use a DOI?
- Keywords
- Tunnel engineering; Karst; Water Inrush Mechanism; Hydrogeology; Treatment Design; Drainage Adit
- Abstract
The Dongshan Extra-Long Tunnel passes through an area with intensely developed karst features, and multiple water inrushes occurred during both its construction and operation periods. To investigate the hydrogeological mechanisms and implement corresponding treatments, this study conducted a specialized hydrogeological survey of the tunnel site and analyzed data related to karst characteristics exposed during construction. Microtremor detection and hydrogeological drilling were also conducted at the water inrush points. The results indicate that the tunnel is located in a vertical karst seepage zone, which acts as a recharge and runoff area within the groundwater system. The network of karst conduits is well-developed, leading to a maximum daily water inrush of 748,600 m3/d into the tunnel during extreme rainstorm events. Based on the mechanism of water inrush and the calculated once-in-a-century water inrush, a comparative analysis was conducted between the drainage gallery and drainage adit solutions for treating the water inrush. The comparison concluded that the drainage adit solution is safer, more economical, and more reliable. Final optimization of the drainage adit scheme incorporated key factors including water inflow direction and construction logistics. This included the addition of branch drainage adits to capture water from newly revealed karst conduits during construction and channel it to the main adit. These branch adits also doubled as strategic vehicle turnaround chambers. This research methodology provides strong guidance for analyzing and treating similar engineering challenges encountered in tunnel construction.
- Copyright
- © 2026 The Author(s)
- Open Access
- Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
Cite this article
TY - CONF AU - Peng Wang AU - Yaming Qu AU - Yingying Tu AU - He Chen AU - Yong Zheng AU - Yuefei Li PY - 2026 DA - 2026/02/26 TI - Research on the Mechanism and Treatment Design of Water Inrush in Extra-Long Tunnels Underpassing Karst Vertical Seepage Zones BT - Proceedings of the 2025 8th International Conference on Civil Architecture, Hydropower and Engineering Management (CAHEM 2025) PB - Atlantis Press SP - 243 EP - 256 SN - 2352-5401 UR - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-600-5_24 DO - 10.2991/978-94-6239-600-5_24 ID - Wang2026 ER -