Tissue Paper Products From Young Coconut Skin Waste (Cocosnuciferal) And Cassava Peel Waste (Manihoteae) Using The Sulfate Method (Kraft) According To Standard Sni 3344–2017 And Sni 0698:2010

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-678-9_3How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Organic Waste; Young Coconut Husk Waste; Cassava Peel Waste; Tissue; Sulfate Method (Kraft); Sodium Hydroxide; Sodium Sulfide

Abstract

Organic waste is the residue or waste from human activities that has not been utilized and therefore does not have economic value. The issue with waste that is often encountered is organic waste, such as young coconut husks obtained from the sale of young coconuts and cassava peels sourced from traditional markets, chip businesses, and fried food vendors. Young coconut husk waste contains cellulose ranging from 21.07% to 34.66% and hemicellulose between 10% and 20%, while cassava peel waste contains cellulose at 43.626% and hemicellulose at 10.384%. With this composition, waste from young coconut husks and cassava peels can be used as raw materials for tissue production. One of the processes for making tissue is the sulfate (kraft) process, which involves the separation of fibers using organic chemicals. In this study, the types of solvents used are Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium Sulfide, with variations in solvent concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The analysis conducted includes the content of cellulose (Alpha, Beta, and Gamma), lignin content, tear resistance, tensile strength, explosiveness, brightness, and grammage. The best formulation obtained is using a Sodium Hydroxide solution with a concentration of 25%, resulting in a grammage of 13 g/m², Alpha Cellulose content of 69.95%, Beta Cellulose content of 18.77%, Gamma Cellulose content of 11.28%, Lignin content of 3.49%, Tear Resistance of 343.38 mN, Tensile Strength of 15.38 N/m, Explosive Power of 3.23 kgf/cm², and Brightness of 83.4%, in accordance with the standards SNI 3344–2017 and SNI 0698:2010.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Sofiah
AU  - Jaksen
AU  - Erika Dwi Oktaviani
AU  - Nabilah
AU  - Amrullah
AU  - Hafiz Eza Prasetya
AU  - Wahyu Triaji Rahadianto
AU  - Tuti Rindawati
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/05/01
TI  - Tissue Paper Products From Young Coconut Skin Waste (Cocosnuciferal) And Cassava Peel Waste (Manihoteae) Using The Sulfate Method (Kraft) According To Standard Sni 3344–2017 And Sni 0698:2010
BT  - Proceedings of the 8th FIRST 2024 International Conference on Global Innovations (FIRST-ESCSI 2024 )
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 21
EP  - 38
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-678-9_3
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-678-9_3
ID  - 2025
ER  -