Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE 2025)

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Spatial Modeling and Hotspot Analysis of CO, PM10, and PM2.5 on Batam Island Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Authors
Sudra Irawan1, *, Titik Tri Yulianti1
1Geomatics Technology Study Program, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam, 29461, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: sudra@polibatam.ac.id
Corresponding Author
Sudra Irawan
Available Online 29 December 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-982-7_12How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Remote Sensing; Geographic Information System (GIS); Air Quality; Kriging; Air Pollution
Abstract

Air quality is a critical factor in safeguarding public health and the environment, particularly in Batam Island, which is experiencing rapid growth in industry, population density, and transportation, leading to increased emissions of air pollutants such as Carbon Monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). This study aims to map air quality in Batam Island using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to examine the spatial distribution of pollutants and to identify areas with varying levels of air pollution. Data were collected through direct field measurements using portable air quality detectors in various locations, including industrial zones, residential areas, ports, markets, healthcare facilities, places of worship, shopping centers, fuel stations, roads, offices, educational institutions, forests, culinary sites, and tourism areas. Sampling locations were determined using purposive sampling techniques. The collected data were analyzed through kriging interpolation with ArcGIS software and compared against national air quality standards as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 22/2021, Annex VII. The results indicate that most areas in Batam Island fall within the good air quality category; however, elevated CO concentrations were recorded in the industrial area of Batu Aji, while Nongsa exhibited significantly higher levels of PM10 and PM2.5.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE 2025)
Series
Advances in Engineering Research
Publication Date
29 December 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-982-7
ISSN
2352-5401
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-982-7_12How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Sudra Irawan
AU  - Titik Tri Yulianti
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/29
TI  - Spatial Modeling and Hotspot Analysis of CO, PM10, and PM2.5 on Batam Island Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
BT  - Proceedings of the  8th International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 186
EP  - 200
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-982-7_12
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-982-7_12
ID  - Irawan2025
ER  -