The Representation of Muslim in British National Corpus: A Corpus Study

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-503-4_50How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Muslim; BNC; Collocation; Corpus; CQPweb

Abstract

Baker et al. [1], Khaghaninejad et al. [2], and Hassan [3] have shown positive and negative representations of muslims. Negative representations fall in the areas of violence and extremism. We here aim to reveal the representation of muslims using corpus approaches. We sent queries related to ‘muslim’ in British National Corpus (XML edition), a database containing more than 100 million words taken from written and spoken data, and we identify strong collocates (Dice coefficient measure) generated automatically by CQPweb, the corpus query system used in this study. We also applied a restricted query to identify how the collocates are distributed diachronically. To identify associations among words, we use the collocations menu. The collocates were then manually annotated using Baker et al’s semantic categories. The results of this study present that (1) the top 10 strongest collocates that collocate ‘muslim’ are associated with a group or community, namely bosnian, croats, croat, hindu, bosnian, sunni, hindus, serbs, christians, and brotherhood; (2) over the three different periods, no collocates appeared consistently; (3) four semantic domains or categories are found, including characterizing/differentiating attributes, ethnic/national entity, religion, conflict, and group/organization. Our findings suggest that among others, muslims are associated with group and violence.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Prihantoro Prihantoro
AU  - Ekgoan Susanti Utami
AU  - Istiqamah Idrus Sere
AU  - Miftha Aulia Rezkiany
AU  - Taufik Shoqibul Anwar
AU  - Nurul Hasana
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/19
TI  - The Representation of Muslim in British National Corpus: A Corpus Study
BT  - Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Culture and Sustainable Development (ICOCAS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 428
EP  - 433
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-503-4_50
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-503-4_50
ID  - Prihantoro2025
ER  -