Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Energy: Toward Energy Transition and Net-Zero Emission (ICOSE 2025)

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Effect Of Calcination Temperatures on Physical Properties of Zeolite Zsm-5 From Natural Granite

Authors
Muhammad Aslam Zainudin1, Mohibah Musa3, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Kamariah Noor Ismail1, Azrine Ajien1, 2, Juferi Idris1, 2, *
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Selangor Branch, Shah Alam Campus, 40450, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sarawak Branch, Samarahan Campus, 94300, Kota Samaraha, Sarawak, Malaysia
3Centre for Functional Materials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Malaysia
*Corresponding author. Email: juferi@uitm.edu.my
Corresponding Author
Juferi Idris
Available Online 26 December 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-944-5_23How to use a DOI?
Keywords
ZSM-5; zeolite; natural granite; physical properties; calcination; synthesis
Abstract

ZSM-5 zeolite was successfully synthesized from natural granite, providing a low-cost and sustainable alternative to conventional chemical precursors. The granite powder was purified, hydrothermally crystallized, and calcined at 200–500 ℃, with the resulting samples characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and nitrogen physisorption (BET). XRD confirmed the formation of the MFI framework with stable crystallinity across all calcination temperatures, while FTIR spectra revealed characteristic vibrational bands with shifts indicative of framework dealumination. Textural analysis revealed that calcination temperature strongly influenced porosity: NG-200 achieved the highest BET surface area, which is 4.80 m2/g, whereas higher temperatures led to progressive surface area loss and pore collapse. These findings indicate that 200℃ is the optimal calcination temperature to preserve porosity and framework integrity in granite-derived ZSM-5. Although the surface areas were lower than those obtained from reagent-based syntheses, the structural and chemical features are comparable, validating granite as a viable raw material for ZSM-5. This optimized ZSM-5 shows promise for catalytic and adsorption processes such as methanol-to-hydrocarbon conversion, supporting sustainable utilization of geological waste.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Energy: Toward Energy Transition and Net-Zero Emission (ICOSE 2025)
Series
Atlantis Highlights in Sustainable Development
Publication Date
26 December 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-944-5
ISSN
3005-155X
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-944-5_23How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Muhammad Aslam Zainudin
AU  - Mohibah Musa
AU  - Ku Halim Ku Hamid
AU  - Kamariah Noor Ismail
AU  - Azrine Ajien
AU  - Juferi Idris
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/26
TI  - Effect Of Calcination Temperatures on Physical Properties of Zeolite Zsm-5 From Natural Granite
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Energy: Toward Energy Transition and Net-Zero Emission (ICOSE 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 349
EP  - 357
SN  - 3005-155X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-944-5_23
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-944-5_23
ID  - Zainudin2025
ER  -