Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Green Tourism Applied Science - Engineering Applied Science 2025 (ICOSTAS-EAS 2025)

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Analysis of the Effect of Cooling Fluid Flow and Welding Time on Tensile Strength in Spot Welding Tools

Authors
I Dewa Made Pancarana1, *, I Ketut Suherman1
1Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Bali, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: dmpancarana@yahoo.com
Corresponding Author
I Dewa Made Pancarana
Available Online 31 October 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-878-3_11How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Cooling Fluid Flow; Heat Affected Zone (HAZ); Spot Welding; Tensile Strength
Abstract

In this study, the effect of coolant flow and welding time on the joint quality in the spot welding process, especially on St 40 steel material, was evaluated. Spot welding, a common method in the automotive industry, involves the use of electric current to join metal plates by heating and melting the plates. The addition of coolant flow significantly reduces the diameter of the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) by increasing heat transfer from the electrode to the coolant and maintaining the temperature of the weld material below 1,500 ºC. The lowest HAZ diameter was recorded at a flow of 5 litres/minute, while the highest was at a flow of 2 litres/minute. In addition to the HAZ diameter, the tensile strength of St 40 material is also affected by the balance between cooling rate and welding time. Based on experimental analysis with twenty-five trials at five variations of fluid flow and welding time, as well as tensile test according to ASTM E8M standards, optimal results were obtained at certain fluid flow rates and welding times, namely: 2 litres/minute at 5.0 seconds (96.10 MPa), 3 litres/minute at 6.0 seconds (104.89 MPa), 4 litres/minute at 7.0 seconds (114.00 MPa), and 5 litres/minute at 8.0-9.0 seconds (116.72 MPa and 125.76 MPa).

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Green Tourism Applied Science - Engineering Applied Science 2025 (ICOSTAS-EAS 2025)
Series
Advances in Engineering Research
Publication Date
31 October 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-878-3
ISSN
2352-5401
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-878-3_11How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - I Dewa Made Pancarana
AU  - I Ketut Suherman
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/10/31
TI  - Analysis of the Effect of Cooling Fluid Flow and Welding Time on Tensile Strength in Spot Welding Tools
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Green Tourism Applied Science - Engineering Applied Science 2025 (ICOSTAS-EAS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 84
EP  - 92
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-878-3_11
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-878-3_11
ID  - Pancarana2025
ER  -