Proceedings of the International Conference on Religious Architecture (ICRA 2024)

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Comparative Study of Srivijaya Buddhist Temples with Nusantara Dwelling Architecture in Sumatera Based on Forms, Mass Layouts, and Ornamentation

Authors
Axel Tobias Imat G.1, *, Enrico Nirwan H.2, Rahadhian P. Herwindo2
1Alumni of Architecture Undergraduate Program, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, 40141, Indonesia
2Senior Lecturer at Department of Architecture, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, 40141, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: axeltobiasig@gmail.com
Corresponding Author
Axel Tobias Imat G.
Available Online 26 June 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-420-4_9How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Srivijaya Temples; Nusantara Architecture; Alignments; Form; Layouts; Ornaments
Abstract

Hindu-Buddhist temples in Indonesia have such uniqueness that distinguishes them from those that were built by other Hindu-Buddhist civilizations, such as India and Cambodia. This shows that there is an element of local genius. The purpose of this qualitative research is to explore elements of local wisdom in Nusantara temples and to trace the continuity of Nusantara dwelling architectural concepts which resulted in local wisdom inspirations as shown by the Srivijaya Buddhist temples in Padang Lawas and Muaro Jambi. Case studies of Batak Toba, Karo, Nias and Malay dwellings show traces of the architectural concepts passed down by early Austronesian civilizations in Nusantara to the Nusantara temple designs. Tribute to different cultures that coexist with each other also brought several similarities between architectural elements of Srivijaya Buddhist temples and those of Nusantara dwellings. The local community accepts Hindu-Buddhist temple design guidelines as a form of respect for Hindu-Buddhist teachings. However, the designs did not convey Indian architecture concept as the main principals of temple design. Existing collective memories among Ancient Nusantara people were one of the factors that enabled those differences between Nusantara temples and Indian Temples.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Religious Architecture (ICRA 2024)
Series
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date
26 June 2025
ISBN
978-2-38476-420-4
ISSN
2352-5398
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-420-4_9How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Axel Tobias Imat G.
AU  - Enrico Nirwan H.
AU  - Rahadhian P. Herwindo
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/06/26
TI  - Comparative Study of Srivijaya Buddhist Temples with Nusantara Dwelling Architecture in Sumatera Based on Forms, Mass Layouts, and Ornamentation
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Religious Architecture (ICRA 2024)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 116
EP  - 132
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-420-4_9
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-420-4_9
ID  - G.2025
ER  -