All of the articles in this proceedings volume have been presented at the International Conference on Religious Architecture – ICRA during October24-25th 2024 in Universitas Tarumanagara and online via zoom platform. These articles have been peer reviewed by the members of the Scientific Committee and...

The temple is a sacred building for Hindus in performing their daily worship. The application of the concept of semiotics in temple buildings has actually been applied by designers before, this is because the ethical system is a science that studies predictions, or is something that is used as a meaning...

Despite being a witness to the development of Islam in Bengkulu, the condition of Surau Gedang or what is now called the Jamik mosque was in a dirty, damaged and ancient condition. Until finally when Ir. Soekarno, who later became the first President of the Republic of Indonesia, was exiled to Bengkulu...

This paper examines the transformation of sacred spaces within Traditional Balinese Houses (TBHs) amidst modernization and the growing influence of tourism. Renowned for their intricate spatial arrangements and spiritual significance, TBHs face significant challenges as external pressures reshape their...

This paper is based on an ongoing research concerning Wingit in Javanese architecture and interior. Wingit is a Javanese concept associated with unseen spirits, and therefore regarded as a trace of animist-dynamist belief. However, in this research, Wingit is regarded as a concept related to aesthetics...

Most of the literature on Javanese architecture is about tectonics, and very little is available about its origin and development. The paper tries to remedy this by offering an approach to the problem, namely tracing the earliest forces that drive the birth of the Javanese house. The paper begins with...

Lengko Ajang Church, located in Lengko Ajang Hamlet, Golo Wangkung Village, Congkar District, East Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province, is one of the oldest churches in the Manggarai Raya area. The church was built by Fr. Wihelmus Janssen, SVD, in the 1930s using wooden materials. The...

This research explores the evolving roles of mosques beyond worship across various periods and their relevance to contemporary Muslim needs. Traditionally serving as spaces for devotion and community development, mosques have expanded into multifunctional centers, addressing educational, social, politic,...

Hindu-Buddhist temples in Indonesia have such uniqueness that distinguishes them from those that were built by other Hindu-Buddhist civilizations, such as India and Cambodia. This shows that there is an element of local genius. The purpose of this qualitative research is to explore elements of local...

It is called a Modern Mosque because we can witness its existence today. In terms of time, there is an allegation that the function of the mosque is now less optimal than the Prophet's mosque, in practice the function of the mosque looks passive, and the activities of the mosque are dominated by...

The house as once a place for its dwellers spiritual journey had been an important topic in architectural discourse. Buildings of various religions and places of worship may be experienced as the works of architecture in many parts of the world. Yet the essence of its existence has a root in the human...

One of the twentieth century theories about the Doric temple of ancient Greece with colonnades all around claims that it represents the image of a communal granary in memory of the agricultural origins of Greek society. This theory was refuted by the specialists dealing with ancient Greek architecture,...

This is preliminary paper regarding the process of designing a new Chinese religious building of Tridharma concept in Kintamani village, Bangli Regency, Bali, 80652. A small Chinese community in that area came up with the idea long time ago, but the actual planning started around 2023. As a self-sustain...

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with diverse cultural and architectural riches. Each tribe has its local wisdom, which are reflected in various aspects of life, including architecture. Jayapura Regency, which is located at the eastern tip of Indonesia and is home to Sentani Tribe, which is famous...

Architects are often asked about architectural design approaches applied in design work. The process is necessary because each architect has a preferred approach, depending on the type, scale, and design problems. The trend shows the need to understand and study these approaches in order to determine...

The influence of religion on vernacular settlements is profound, shaping both their physical environment and cultural fabric. On Sumba, an island in Indonesia's East Nusa region renowned for its diverse cultural villages, Marapu animism is a foundational belief system, manifesting differently in...

There are two main religions in Japan - Shinto and Buddhism - and the worship architecture of the former are called shrines, while the latter are called temples, differing both in their objects of worship and architectural styles. However, during the Tokugawa shogunate, which lasted two and a half centuries,...

“Eclectic mix” is a postmodernist perspective that displays a contemporary mode. It embraces the diversity of manifestations of cultural contexts to create novelty in the world of architecture, both in practice and theory. Empirical phenomena show that sacred architecture from around the world to the...

The Catholic Church is an organization with a relatively long history. In an effort to survive and thrive, they must adapt to the latest technology. One of the church’s efforts is by utilizing the use of multimedia. Multimedia requires workers, as well as a room to be the center of control for all multimedia...

Vernacular Architecture of West Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara Province with its unique natural background, socio-cultural systems, and building technology systems is significant to study. Every element of Sumba life, including residential building and community layout, is influenced by the Marapu belief....

Mosques in Indonesia are dominated by the use of domes, which are widely believed to be a representation of Islamic architecture. However, the history of dome use is inseparable from the reason of wide-span technology. Unfortunately, the tradition passed down from generation to generation is its form,...

The South is a new land that was formed more than 300 years ago. The harmony and interaction of local communities with migrants have created the cultural and religious diversity of this land. Over time, people's lives have improved and architecture has also undergone positive changes. From the simple...

Coconut and palm trees (palmyra palm) are an important part of the life of the Hindu community in Bali. On the other hand, the utilization process of both materials leaves waste that has not been optimally processed. Innovations in processing waste from both coconut (coir) fiber and palmyra fiber into...

The historic mosque of Masjid Tuha Indrapuri (Indrapuri Old Mosque), originally an ancient palace and temple from the 12th-century Lamuri Kingdom, continues to serve daily religious activities. The mosque features a unique three-tiered roof, with each tier separated by openings that facilitate both ventilation...

This research investigates the significance of pradaksina in modern architecture through a case study of the preservation of the Kimpulan Temple in Yogyakarta, which was unexpectedly discovered during the construction of the Indonesian Islamic University (UII) Library and Museum building. The re- search...

Bandung, one of the cities used as the centre of government during the Dutch colonial era, has various relics that still survive today, one of which is a worship building. Worship buildings generally have a different architectural style to become landmarks in an area. Until now, religious buildings left...

This research about a space syntax analysis on the spatial characteristic of living monuments in Dusun Krecek, a small village in Temanggung, Central Java. The identified living monuments in Dusun Krecek are the village pendapa, Krecek waterfall, Vihara Dhamma Sarana, and their ancestral cemetery. These...