Actor Network Interoperability for Non-Procedural PMI Prevention through Early Detection Strategy

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-505-8_18How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Non-procedural PMI in Malaysia; Non-procedural PMI Prevention; Early Detection Strategy; Actor Network Interoperability

Abstract

The imbalance of economic growth and job availability triggers labor migration, including non-procedural migration. Push factors such as poverty and political instability, as well as pull factors such as job opportunities abroad, are the main drivers of migration. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The selection of key informants was carried out purposively. Key informants were selected based on two main criteria. First, informants have direct involvement in the development and implementation of policies related to migrant workers, so they can provide in-depth insights into the effectiveness, challenges, and shortcomings in the implementation of non-procedural migration prevention policies. Second, the selected informants also have roles in diplomacy and regulation aspects, including in the implementation of immigration policies. Informants are usually determined using snowball and accidental techniques. The data analysis tool used in this qualitative study is NVivo 12. The results of this study found that prevention of non-procedural migrant workers requires a holistic approach. The effectiveness of prevention policies is still low due to weak coordination. Collaboration between actors is not optimal due to sectoral egos. Practical suggestions, namely the use of real-time reporting applications is important for transparency and early detection based on risk indicators. Suggestions for the government and policy makers (BP2MI, Ministry of Manpower, Regional Government), namely the government must determine non-procedural migration risk indicators for the classification and intervention of vulnerable villages.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Ida Irawati
AU  - Mani Festati Broto
AU  - Sadu Wasistiono
AU  - Susanti
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/12
TI  - Actor Network Interoperability for Non-Procedural PMI Prevention through Early Detection Strategy
BT  - Proceedings of the 7th Open Society Conference 2025 (OSC 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 214
EP  - 229
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-505-8_18
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-505-8_18
ID  - Irawati2025
ER  -