Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Materials, Processes and Technology for Sustainability (RAMPTS 2025)

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Development of a D-Limonene based Binder for Sulfur Cathodes in Lithium-Sulfur Battery

Authors
S. Lakshmi Gayatri1, B. Parvathy1, S. Nishad1, Sharon Mathew Sam1, R. Saibi1, A. Al Ameen1, *
1Department of Chemical Engineering, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, India
*Corresponding author. Email: ameen.al@tkmce.ac.in
Corresponding Author
A. Al Ameen
Available Online 25 December 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-922-3_10How to use a DOI?
Keywords
PVDF-HFP; D-limonene; Binder; Lithium-Sulfur battery; Cross-linking; Ionic conductivity; Polysulfide shuttle suppression; Electrochemical performance; Sustainable energy storage
Abstract

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising for next generation energy storage because of their high theoretical energy density and the use of earth-abundant materials. However, conventional binders such as PVDF show poor mechanical and electrochemical performance. This study introduces a biobased binder using cross-linked PVDF-HFP modified with D-limonene and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). FTIR confirmed successful crosslinking, and optical microscopy revealed improved film morphology. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed two distinct cathodic peaks at ∼2.3 V and ∼2.0 V, along with a sharp anodic peak at ∼2.4 V, indicating efficient and reversible sulfur redox reactions. The D-limonene binder exhibited more defined and stable peaks over three cycles, compared to broader, less consistent peaks with PVDF-HFP, suggesting reduced polarization and enhanced electrochemical stability. These results highlight the potential of D-limonene as a sustainable, high-performance binder for improving redox reversibility and cycling behavior in Li–S batteries.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Materials, Processes and Technology for Sustainability (RAMPTS 2025)
Series
Atlantis Highlights in Material Sciences and Technology
Publication Date
25 December 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-922-3
ISSN
2590-3217
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-922-3_10How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - S. Lakshmi Gayatri
AU  - B. Parvathy
AU  - S. Nishad
AU  - Sharon Mathew Sam
AU  - R. Saibi
AU  - A. Al Ameen
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/25
TI  - Development of a D-Limonene based Binder for Sulfur Cathodes in Lithium-Sulfur Battery
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Materials, Processes and Technology for Sustainability (RAMPTS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 150
EP  - 162
SN  - 2590-3217
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-922-3_10
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-922-3_10
ID  - Gayatri2025
ER  -