Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference of Engineering and implementation on vocational education (ACEIVE 2025)

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Confirmatory Model Design of an Instrument for Inhibiting Factors in the Study of Education Electrical Department of Engineering Faculty Universitas Negeri Medan

Authors
Adi Sutopo1, *, Zulkifli Matondang1, Sriadhi Sriadhi1, Muhammad Ashari1, Syah Fikri Ritonga1
1Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: adisutopo@unimed.ac.id
Corresponding Author
Adi Sutopo
Available Online 17 March 2026.
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-557-7_3How to use a DOI?
Keywords
confirmatory factor; instrument inhibiting factors; internal and external factor
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to design and test a confirmatory instrument model to identify inhibiting factors in the study of students in the Electrical Engineering Education Department (JPTE) at the State University of Medan (Unimed). Instrument development was conducted using a quantitative approach to test validity and reliability using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The instrument was piloted on 40 students for each pilot. Several pilots were conducted until a valid and reliable instrument was obtained, meeting the factor groups. The analysis of pilot 1 showed that items that did not meet the validity and reliability requirements and were not included in the other factors were: the developed instrument model met good validity and reliability indicators and was able to map inhibiting factors in studying, including internal factors (motivation, time management, psychological conditions) and external factors (lecturers, infrastructure, academic load). This research is expected to serve as a reference in designing policy interventions to improve the quality of learning at JPTE Unimed.

Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference of Engineering and implementation on vocational education (ACEIVE 2025)
Series
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date
17 March 2026
ISBN
978-2-38476-557-7
ISSN
2352-5398
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-557-7_3How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Adi Sutopo
AU  - Zulkifli Matondang
AU  - Sriadhi Sriadhi
AU  - Muhammad Ashari
AU  - Syah Fikri Ritonga
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/03/17
TI  - Confirmatory Model Design of an Instrument for Inhibiting Factors in the Study of Education Electrical Department of Engineering Faculty Universitas Negeri Medan
BT  - Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference of Engineering and implementation on vocational education (ACEIVE 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 14
EP  - 24
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-557-7_3
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-557-7_3
ID  - Sutopo2026
ER  -