Proceedings of the IBA IEA Conference on Economics and Public Policy (Ecofluence 2024)

<Previous Article In Volume
Next Article In Volume>

Transgender Marginalisation in India

Barriers and Choices

Authors
Mustafa K. Jillisger1, *, Nakshatra Lakshamanan1
1School of Economics and Public Policy, RV University, Bengaluru, India
*Corresponding author. Email: mustafajillisger@gmail.com
Corresponding Author
Mustafa K. Jillisger
Available Online 24 June 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-766-3_13How to use a DOI?
Keywords
transgender marginalisation; inclusion; policy intervention
Abstract

Subjected to intense ostracization over the years, and yet revered in many scriptures, the transgender community in India has suffered through the ages. Having only received recognition as the third gender in 2020, this marginalised community survives either through sex work, or begging as per Mumbai based activist Abhina Aher (Mugloo, S., & Rafiq, S. (2023, April 7). ‘They thought I was a curse’: The struggles of India’s trans community. openDemocracy). They are marginalised and face various forms of abuse, including emotional violence and sexual assault. From the moment they realize they are different, transgender individuals face a world that denies them recognition, education, employment, and legal rights. This paper explores the impact of this exclusion on their community. Despite policy changes and the recognition of transgender individuals as a third gender, along with efforts to create equal work opportunities, many still prefer begging over formal employment. This paper is a qualitative approach to understanding if there is a shift, or if these policies are too little too late for a large part of our population.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Download article (PDF)

<Previous Article In Volume
Next Article In Volume>
Volume Title
Proceedings of the IBA IEA Conference on Economics and Public Policy (Ecofluence 2024)
Series
Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research
Publication Date
24 June 2025
ISBN
978-94-6463-766-3
ISSN
2352-5428
DOI
10.2991/978-94-6463-766-3_13How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Mustafa K. Jillisger
AU  - Nakshatra Lakshamanan
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/06/24
TI  - Transgender Marginalisation in India
BT  - Proceedings of the IBA IEA Conference on Economics and Public Policy (Ecofluence 2024)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 249
EP  - 272
SN  - 2352-5428
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-766-3_13
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-766-3_13
ID  - Jillisger2025
ER  -