Traditional and Emerging Memory Technologies: Principles, Applications and Future Trends

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-864-6_41How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Memory; Chip; Traditional Memory; Emerging Memory

Abstract

Memory is fundamental for preserving and accessing vast amounts of data in the digital age, this paper summarizes the principles, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of various types of memory, including SRAM, DRAM, flash, RRAM, STT-MRAM, FeRAM, and PCRAM. SRAM, used in CPU caches for its high speed at nanosecond seconds, but faces leakage issues and large area. DRAM, the highest-selling IC, employs 1T1C cells, evolving with 3D stacking (HBM, PIM) for high bandwidth. Flash (NAND/NOR) dominates non-volatile storage with 3D stacking but suffers from slow writes. Among emerging memories, RRAM has low voltage and high density, and it is also used in computing-in memory, and STT-MRAM has high speed, high endurance, and due to cross point technology it has ultra-high density. FeRAM replaces the capacitor material on the basis of DRAM, retaining the advantages of DRAM while also having non-volatile properties. PCRAM also has fast speed, high density, and low voltage but struggles with high energy and high cost. In the future, different technologies will be applied to these storage devices based on different needs, playing different roles. Emerging nonvolatile memories, RRAM and STT-MRAM may become the next generation of storage and promote the evolution of the paradigm of “memory computing integration”.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Zike Ma
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/10/23
TI  - Traditional and Emerging Memory Technologies: Principles, Applications and Future Trends
BT  - Proceedings of the 2025 2nd International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Intelligent Control (EEIC 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 439
EP  - 452
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-864-6_41
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-864-6_41
ID  - Ma2025
ER  -