Design and Analysis of a Photonic Crystal-Based Optical Sensor for Magnetic Field Detection

Elhachemi Kouddad; Ismail Benlaria; Sououdi Boumediene Chabani; Hassane Dahbi; Islam Hassani; Ibrahim Yaichi

doi:10.2991/978-94-6239-668-5_39

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Design and Analysis of a Photonic Crystal-Based Optical Sensor for Magnetic Field Detection

Authors

Elhachemi Kouddad¹^{, 2}^{, *}, Ismail Benlaria²^{, 3}, Sououdi Boumediene Chabani², Hassane Dahbi², Islam Hassani²^{, 3}, Ibrahim Yaichi²^{, 3}

¹Telecommunication and Digital Signal Processing Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Telecommunications, University Djillali Liabes, Sidi-Bel-Abbes, 22000, Algeria

²Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Adrar, Adrar, 01000, Algeria

³Sustainable Development and Informatics Laboratory (LDDI), University of Adrar, Adrar, Algeria

^*Corresponding author. Email: elh.kouddad@univ-adrar.edu.dz

Corresponding Author

Elhachemi Kouddad

Available Online 14 May 2026.

DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6239-668-5_39 How to use a DOI?
Keywords: photonic crystals; magnetic field; magnetite (Fe3O4); optical sensor; Faraday effect; RSoft; FullWAVE
Abstract: This study presents the design, modeling, and simulation of a high-performance optical sensor for magnetic field detection, utilizing Photonic Crystals (PCs). The sensor leverages the Photonic Band Gap (PBG) property of a two-dimensional (2D) PC to precisely control light propagation and achieve miniaturization. Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) was integrated into the PC structure due to its strong magneto-optical behavior. The external magnetic field induces a refractive index modulation in the Fe₃O₄, which is then transduced into a measurable optical signal. The 2D PC design incorporates a resonant cavity (point defect) for ultra-sensitive optical confinement and a waveguide defect (line defect) for efficient light coupling. The guide-cavity coupling was optimized to maximize the light's dwell time. Numerical simulations using the Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) and Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) methods confirmed the photonic band structure and the sensor's response dynamics. The promising results demonstrate very high sensitivity and a high-Quality factor (Q factor), validating the feasibility of this Photonic Crystal-based magneto-optical sensor concept.
Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s)
Open Access: Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Current Problems in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ICCPEAS 2025)
Series: Advances in Engineering Research
Publication Date: 14 May 2026
ISBN: 978-94-6239-668-5
ISSN: 2352-5401
DOI: 10.2991/978-94-6239-668-5_39 How to use a DOI?
Open Access: Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

ris enw bib

TY  - CONF
AU  - Elhachemi Kouddad
AU  - Ismail Benlaria
AU  - Sououdi Boumediene Chabani
AU  - Hassane Dahbi
AU  - Islam Hassani
AU  - Ibrahim Yaichi
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/14
TI  - Design and Analysis of a Photonic Crystal-Based Optical Sensor for Magnetic Field Detection
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Current Problems in Engineering and Applied Sciences (ICCPEAS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 362
EP  - 369
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-668-5_39
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-668-5_39
ID  - Kouddad2026
ER  -

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