Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education (ICOLLITE 2024)

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Verbal and Nonverbal Reinforcement Skills in German Language Teaching Simulation

Authors
M. Fatih Bilhaq1, *, Hafdarani Hafdarani1, Ending Khoerudin1
1German Education, Faculty of Language and Literature Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
*Corresponding author.
Corresponding Author
M. Fatih Bilhaq
Available Online 28 July 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-438-9_17How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Early German Language Education; Learning Simulation; Microteaching; Qualitative Action Analysis; Reinforcement
Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the types of reinforcement used by students of the German Language Education Study Program at an Indonesian state university and their level of implementation in teaching simulations in the Microteaching course. This course provided a forum for prospective teachers to practice their teaching skills by conducting simulated learning activities. Learning reinforcement consists of two types, verbal and nonverbal. This research utilized qualitative action analysis method. The results of the study indicated that the students applied both types of reinforcement, namely verbal and nonverbal, in teaching without using negative reinforcement toward the learner practitioners. The teaching practitioners successfully implemented the skills of providing verbal and nonverbal reinforcement with a satisfactory level of implementation.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education (ICOLLITE 2024)
Series
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date
28 July 2025
ISBN
978-2-38476-438-9
ISSN
2352-5398
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-438-9_17How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - M. Fatih Bilhaq
AU  - Hafdarani Hafdarani
AU  - Ending Khoerudin
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/07/28
TI  - Verbal and Nonverbal Reinforcement Skills in German Language Teaching Simulation
BT  - Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education (ICOLLITE 2024)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 187
EP  - 196
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-438-9_17
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-438-9_17
ID  - Bilhaq2025
ER  -