Development and Psychometric Testing of a Questionnaire for Evaluating the SINA (Sahabat Ibu Anti Anemia) Maternal Health Chatbot

DOI

10.2991/978-2-38476-571-3_16How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Maternal health; chatbot; questionnaire; validity; reliability; psychometric testing

Abstract

Background: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy remains a critical health concern in Indonesia, particularly in Seluma Regency, Bengkulu Province, where the prevalence remains high. Limited compliance with iron–folic acid supplementation underscores the need for innovative maternal health education strategies. The SINA (Sahabat Ibu Anti Anemia) chatbot was designed to deliver interactive, digital-based health education for pregnant women. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a questionnaire to evaluate the effectiveness of the SINA chatbot. Methods: Instrument development was based on Green’s PRECEDE–PROCEED model. The questionnaire initially contained 62 items across three domains: knowledge (22), attitudes (30), and practices (10). Content validity was evaluated by experts using the Content Validity Index (CVI), readability was tested among five pregnant women, and construct validity and reliability were examined among 30 pregnant women. Validity testing employed item-total correlation (r > 0.30), and reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha. Results: The overall CVI was 0.89, indicating strong content validity. Readability testing showed good comprehension in the knowledge (4.36) and practice (4.72) domains and moderate comprehension in attitudes (3.82). After item analysis, 46 items were valid, with 3 items revised. Cronbach’s Alpha for the overall instrument was 0.87, with subscale reliabilities of 0.82 (knowledge), 0.85 (attitudes), and 0.80 (practices). Conclusion: The SINA questionnaire demonstrated strong validity and reliability and can serve as a valid instrument for preliminary evaluation of chatbot-based maternal health interventions. Further testing with larger samples and confirmatory factor analysis is recommended.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Erli Zainal
AU  - Sri Sulistyowati
AU  - Agung Wibowo
AU  - Widiyanto Widiyanto
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/05/06
TI  - Development and Psychometric Testing of a Questionnaire for Evaluating the SINA (Sahabat Ibu Anti Anemia) Maternal Health Chatbot
BT  - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies 2025 (ICOMSI 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 189
EP  - 197
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-571-3_16
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-571-3_16
ID  - Zainal2026
ER  -