Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Sciences and Interdisciplinary Studies (ICSSIS 2025)

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Land Use Change Analysis of Tebing Tinggi City 2015–2024 Using Google Earth Engine (GEE)

Authors
Restu Restu1, Meilinda Suriani Harefa1, Nurmala Berutu1, Muhammad Ridha Syafii Damanik2, Muhammad Farouq Ghazali Matondang1, *, Romauli Situmorang1
1Department of Geography Education, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, 20221, Indonesia
2Department of Geographic Information Science, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, 20221, Indonesia
*Corresponding author. Email: farouqmatondang@unimed.ac.id
Corresponding Author
Muhammad Farouq Ghazali Matondang
Available Online 12 December 2025.
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-499-0_2How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Land Use Change; Google Earth Engine; Tebing Tinggi; Urbanization
Abstract

This study investigates land use change in Tebing Tinggi City, North Sumatra, from 2015 to 2024 using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Landsat 8 imagery. The novelty of this research lies in integrating long-term land cover dynamics with urban growth analysis in a medium-sized Indonesian city, which has rarely been studied compared to metropolitan areas. Methodologically, the study employed image classification and spatial analysis in GEE to quantify land conversion across seven land use categories. Results show a dramatic reduction of forest cover from 1,215 ha in 2015 to only 420 ha in 2024 (–65%), while residential areas increased from 980 ha to 1,860 ha (+90%). Agricultural land, especially rice fields and plantations, expanded by 42%, concentrated in the southeast. Meanwhile, water bodies remained relatively stable at around 210 ha. These changes correlate with population growth and Tebing Tinggi’s strategic role as a transportation hub. The main contribution of this study is providing quantitative evidence of rapid land conversion in secondary cities, highlighting the risks of reduced carbon sequestration, flood vulnerability, and microclimate imbalance, while offering an empirical basis for sustainable spatial planning policies.

Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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Volume Title
Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Sciences and Interdisciplinary Studies (ICSSIS 2025)
Series
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
Publication Date
12 December 2025
ISBN
978-2-38476-499-0
ISSN
2352-5398
DOI
10.2991/978-2-38476-499-0_2How to use a DOI?
Copyright
© 2025 The Author(s)
Open Access
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

Cite this article

risenwbib
TY  - CONF
AU  - Restu Restu
AU  - Meilinda Suriani Harefa
AU  - Nurmala Berutu
AU  - Muhammad Ridha Syafii Damanik
AU  - Muhammad Farouq Ghazali Matondang
AU  - Romauli Situmorang
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/12/12
TI  - Land Use Change Analysis of Tebing Tinggi City 2015–2024 Using Google Earth Engine (GEE)
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Sciences and Interdisciplinary Studies (ICSSIS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 4
EP  - 14
SN  - 2352-5398
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-499-0_2
DO  - 10.2991/978-2-38476-499-0_2
ID  - Restu2025
ER  -