Protein Intake and Skeletal Muscle Mass as Determinants of Sarcopenia Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6239-770-5_5How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Protein Intake; Skeletal Muscle Index; Sarcopenia; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Sarcopenia represents progressive decline in muscle mass and function that significantly elevates morbidity risk in elderly populations. The risk of sarcopenia may increase in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), primarily due to insulin resistance and poor glycemic control. The skeletal muscle mass serves as a fundamental predictor for sarcopenia development and is strongly linked to protein intake. However, comprehensive investigations examining the relationship between protein intake, skeletal muscle mass, and sarcopenia risk among T2DM patients remain limited in Indonesian populations. This study aimed to evaluate the association between protein intake and skeletal muscle mass with sarcopenia risk in individuals diagnosed with T2DM residing in Malang City. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted involving 46 respondents selected through purposive and simple random sampling. Protein intake was assessed using the SQ-FFQ, while muscle mass was measured using BIA body composition analysis. Sarcopenia screening utilized the SARC-CalF instrument and skeletal muscle index calculation followed established protocols. Statistical analysis incorporated Spearman correlation coefficients to examine variable relationships. Participant characteristics demonstrated protein intake among respondents was 78,96 (66,42%) and the Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI) was 6,45±1,1 kg/m2. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative association between protein intake and sarcopenia risk (p=0.035, r=-0.311). Furthermore, skeletal muscle index exhibited a statistically significant correlation with sarcopenia risk (p=0.002, r=-0.450). Significant associations exist between protein intake and muscle mass with sarcopenia risk among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Malang City, suggesting the potential value of nutritional interventions in sarcopenia prevention.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Bellia Alshelyra Vanessa Putri
AU  - Kanthi Permaningtyas Tritisari
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/04
TI  - Protein Intake and Skeletal Muscle Mass as Determinants of Sarcopenia Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
BT  - Proceedings of the 6th International Nursing and Health Sciences Symposium (INHSS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 33
EP  - 44
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-770-5_5
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-770-5_5
ID  - Putri2026
ER  -