In vitro Effectiveness of Topical Gel from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 Extract as an Antimicrobial

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-760-1_3How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Antiinfective-Agent; Antimicrobial Resistance; Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 extract; Staphylococcus aureus; Topical Gel

Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Acitenobacter baumannii, Malassezia furfur and Candida albicans are the most common microbes that cause skin infections. The high number of skin infections cases causes the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, so it is necessary to search for new topical drug. Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 is known to contain antimicrobial compounds. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of 1% ethyl acetate extract HSFI-9 topical gel, 0.5% chloroform extract HSFI-9 topical gel, compare to mupirocin 2% ointment and ketoconazole 2% gel as positive control. This research is true experimental research using a post test only control group design. The basis gel contain carbopol, triethanolamine, propylene glycol, dan methyl paraben was used as negative control. The topical gel were subjected to physical tests and antimicrobial activity tests using the Disc Diffusion-Kirby Bauer Method. Differences in the diameter of the zone of inhibition of microbial growth between all groups or spreadability were analyzed using One Way-ANOVA or t-test. Mupirocin can inhibit the growth of S. aureus (51.67 ± 0,58 mm) and E. faecalis (18.00 ± 1,00 mm), but not A. baumannii. Ketoconazole strongly inhibits C. albicans and M. furfur. Topical gel contain 1% ethyl acetate and 0.5% choloroform extract of HSFI-9 only inhibit the growth of S. aureus (17.33 ± 0.58 vs 4.00 ±0.00; respectively p<0.05). The topical gel meets the organoleptic, homogeneity and spreadability criteria. HSFI-9 ethyl acetate extract gel is feasible to be developed as an antibacterial against S. aureus even though has lower inhibitory power than the 2% mupirocin ointment.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Maya Dian Rakhmawatie
AU  - Elicia Putri Syaharani Fitria Ningrum
AU  - Yasmin Nazhifah Insani
AU  - Ana Hidayati Mukaromah
AU  - Ika Dyah Kurniati
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/07/03
TI  - In vitro Effectiveness of Topical Gel from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis HSFI-9 Extract as an Antimicrobial
BT  - Proceedings of the 3rd Lawang Sewu International Symposium on Medical and Health Sciences (LEWIS-MHS 2024)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 21
EP  - 32
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-760-1_3
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-760-1_3
ID  - Rakhmawatie2025
ER  -