Green Synthesis and Pharmacological Applications of Coumarin and Its Derivatives: A Review

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-876-9_19How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Coumarins; biological activity; fluorescent sensors; microwave irradiations; green synthesis

Abstract

Significant initiatives have been undertaken in the past few years to synthesize coumarins owing to their extremely reactive character and attraction as an antecedent of natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. Numerous novel multicomponent one-pot, serial combinatorial Responses have been developed, beginning with the Knoevenagel, Perkin, and Pechmann reactions. The branch of organic synthesis has advanced to a remarkable level in this century with regard to green chemistry and synthetic efficiency perspective since the advent of nontraditional energy sources, including microwaves and ultrasonic irradiation. In light of this, a lot of emphasis has been put on creating bioactive coumarin-heterocycles by novel approaches, and an array of synthetic processes have been developed. Therefore, it is crucial to regularly assess the synthesis and biological characteristics of these hybrid compounds. By using microwaves and ultrasound-aided techniques, the current review aims to highlight recent developments in the synthesis of coumarins that are fused or connected to a number of bioactive heterocycles with five or six members. A dynamic scaffold with outstanding biological potential, coumarin has been instrumental in the medical field. Heterocyclic compounds with a benzopyran-2-one ring depict numerous biological properties, inorporating antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-tubercular, as well as antithrombotic activities. The most recent developments in the medical significance of coumarin derivatives is discussed in this review. Additionally, It also analyzes the role of coumarins as fluorescence sensors of the biological system.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Arzoo Siddiqui
AU  - Amulya Sinha
AU  - Amit Yadav
AU  - Vaibhav Tripathi
AU  - Girish Singh
AU  - Nikhat Fatima
AU  - Anmol Kumar
AU  - Sanjeev Kumar Gupta
AU  - Gautam Kumar
AU  - Justin Masih
AU  - Vivek Bhadauria
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/10/23
TI  - Green Synthesis and Pharmacological Applications of Coumarin and Its Derivatives: A Review
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Science and Technology for Tomorrow (SciTech 2024)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 255
EP  - 276
SN  - 3091-4442
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-876-9_19
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-876-9_19
ID  - Siddiqui2025
ER  -