Comparison of Willingness to Pay for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Between Low-/Middle- and High- Income Countries: A Systematic Review

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6239-762-0_3How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Vaccine Affordability; Cervical Cancer Prevention; Health Economics; Willingness to Pay; Vaccine

Abstract

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a proven preventive strategy against cervical cancer, yet affordability and acceptance remain challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This systematic review compares willingness to pay (WTP) for HPV vaccines between LMICs and high-income countries (HICs), and explores determinants influencing factors. We conducted a systematic review of four databases (PubMed, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Science Direct) from 2015 to 2024. Inclusion criteria were full-text, peer-reviewed studies measuring WTP for HPV vaccination. Extracted data included WTP per dose (USD), market price, WTP as a percentage of market price, GDP per capita, and associated determinants. Fifteen studies were included, 7 from LMICs and 8 from HICs. In LMICs, average WTP per dose ranged from 1.43 USD – 82.5 USD, covering only 6.7% – 85.3% of the market price. In HICs, WTP ranged from 65.45 USD – 262.28 USD and could exceed market value. Key determinants included income, education, vaccine knowledge, and parental demographics. WTP is significantly lower in LMICs, both in absolute value and relative to affordability. Policy efforts should focus on vaccine subsidization, awareness campaigns, and inclusive financing models to close the HPV prevention gap across global income settings.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this license to share adapted material derived from this chapter or parts of it.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Imania Afidatus Syaifabila
AU  - Dwi Endarti
AU  - Tuangrat Podha
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/04
TI  - Comparison of Willingness to Pay for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Between Low-/Middle- and High- Income Countries: A Systematic Review
BT  - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics, Biotechnology, and Biomedical Engineering (BIOMIC 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 29
EP  - 47
SN  - 2468-5739
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-762-0_3
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-762-0_3
ID  - Syaifabila2026
ER  -