Advancing Oral Tissue Regeneration: The Multifaceted Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Nanotechnology-Enhanced Exosomes

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6463-829-5_11How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Exosomes; oral tissue regeneration; extracellular vesicles; nanotechnology; Exosomal microRNAs

Abstract

Exosomes and nanoscale extracellular vesicles have emerged as powerful mediators of intercellular communication and hold immense therapeutic potential in oral tissue regeneration. Derived from various cell types, particularly dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), exosomes carry bioactive molecules—including proteins, lipids, and RNAs—that regulate key regenerative processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis. Compared to traditional cell-based therapies, exosome-based approaches offer notable advantages, including lower immunogenicity, enhanced biocompatibility, and the ability to deliver therapeutic cargo with high specificity and stability. This paper outlines the biological mechanisms underlying exosome biogenesis, secretion, and functional roles in dental stem cell-mediated repair of oral, periodontal, and alveolar tissues. Special emphasis is placed on exosome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) as key regulators of inflammation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling, and their utility as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Additionally, we explore advances in engineering exosomes to improve cargo loading, tissue targeting, and controlled release. The integration of nanotechnology—including hydrogels, liposomes, nanoparticles, and bio-printed scaffolds—has further expanded the applicability and efficacy of exosome-based strategies. While significant preclinical progress has been made, translational challenges persist, including scalable production, standardized isolation, safety evaluation, and regulatory oversight. Nevertheless, the fusion of exosome technology with nanomedicine presents a promising frontier for personalized and precision regenerative therapies in oral medicine. Continued interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation will be critical to translating these novel therapeutic platforms from bench to bedside.

Copyright

© 2025 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Wanlong Li
AU  - Shanshan Li
AU  - Xin Jin
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/08/28
TI  - Advancing Oral Tissue Regeneration: The Multifaceted Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Nanotechnology-Enhanced Exosomes
BT  - Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Biological Science (CEBS 2025)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 87
EP  - 104
SN  - 2352-5401
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-829-5_11
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6463-829-5_11
ID  - Li2025
ER  -