Evaluation of Linear Dimensional Accuracy and IT Grades of Carbon-Reinforced PETG Parts Fabricated via Fused Deposition Modeling

DOI

10.2991/978-94-6239-750-7_77How to use a DOI?

Keywords

Percentage error; FDM Process; ANOVA Analysis; IT Grades

Abstract

Dimensional accuracy is a critical quality attribute in fused deposition modeling (FDM). This study investigates the effect of five process parameters i.e. layer thickness, build orientation, printing speed, air gap, and nozzle temperature on the percentage error in linear dimensions of FDM-fabricated parts. Three orthogonal dimensions, namely length (printing direction), width (perpendicular to the printing direction), and thickness (build direction), were considered for dimensional measurements. Experiments were designed using the Taguchi method with five parameters at five levels, employing an L25 orthogonal array, and statistical analysis was performed using Minitab software based on the “smaller-is-better” signal-to-noise ratio criterion. The results revealed that the percentage error in length was minimal and remained below 1%, whereas significantly higher errors were observed in width and thickness due to anisotropic shrinkage and layer-wise deposition effects. Main effects and Pareto analyses indicated that build orientation is the most influential parameter, followed by nozzle temperature and layer thickness, while printing speed showed the least influence. Residual analysis confirmed the adequacy of the developed model. An optimal combination of process parameters was identified to minimize dimensional error, and improvement in dimensional precision was quantified through IT grade evaluation.

Copyright

© 2026 The Author(s)

Open Access

Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits any noncommercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.

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TY  - CONF
AU  - Ram Kishore Shakya
AU  - Dharamvir Mangal
AU  - Nagendra Kumar Maurya
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/31
TI  - Evaluation of Linear Dimensional Accuracy and IT Grades of Carbon-Reinforced PETG Parts Fabricated via Fused Deposition Modeling
BT  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Design, Manufacturing, and Sustainable Energy Systems (ICADMSES 2026)
PB  - Atlantis Press
SP  - 1071
EP  - 1084
SN  - 2589-4943
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-750-7_77
DO  - 10.2991/978-94-6239-750-7_77
ID  - Shakya2026
ER  -