Advances in Biological Sciences Research

Tert-butyl 4-formyl-3, 6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate(9) is an important intermediate for small molecule anticancer drugs. A rapid and high yield synthetic method for tert-butyl 4-formyl-3, 6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate was established in this work. The target compound was synthesized from...

This study aims to identify internal factors, namely strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats in managing mangrove areas. Furthermore, identifying internal and external factors is mapped in SWOT Analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats) and AHP Analysis (Analysis Hierarchy...

Setting cropping patterns in the use of paddy fields is one of the important steps that determine the income, use and distribution of farmer’s labor. This research is a descriptive research which is carried out by utilizing secondary production data, cost analysis in Bogor Regency. Analysis using regression...

Indonesia is still importing corn to meet its needs. Import volume from January to September 2024 reached 1.38 million tons. Therefore, efforts to increase corn production need to be continued. One effort is planting superior varieties and organic fertilizers with nanotechnology. This study aimed to...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Based on WHO data in 2011, it is estimated that more than 508,000 women worldwide died of breast cancer. In Indonesia, the prevalence of breast cancer is 26.5% of all cancer cases, in which become the second frequent cancer. To date, the treatments for...

This study was conducted with the aim of identifying secondary metabolite compounds and antibacterial activity of white pacing flower extract (Costus speciosus (J. Koenig) Sm.). Phytochemical screening tests are performed qualitatively and antibacterial activity tests are carried out by agar well diffusion...

Jiuquwan Reservoir is the only drinking water source supplied for Xunwu county residents. It is located in the middle reaches of Mati River belongs to the East River upstream tributary of the Pearl River basin. The ecological management projects of cyanobacteria bloom in Jiuquwan Reservoir was described....

Semen processing can reduce the motility and viability of the sperm. The focus of this research was to evaluate the shelflife of liquid semen which could still be used for insemination in thin tail sheep semen diluted with Egg Yolk Citrate and noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn) extract. Semen was collected...

Reaction of sugar beet seedlings to treatment of seeds with the chemical Zeroks® (high-colloidal solution) has been studied. The contact bactericide and fungicide Zeroks® (high-colloidal solution) in which silver nanoparticles are its active factor has been used to test growth regulation properties....

Indonesian communities have variety of local knowledge in managing natural resource that are formed form heredity. The threat of modernization that is not approporite with local culture causes degradation of local knowledge, including the Jawa ethnic community on the slopes of Mount Slamet. The purpose...

This research was conducted to compare the effect of feeding ration with concentrates containing Durio zibethinus seed flour and peel flour fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus on the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter as well as crude protein, crude fiber, and ether extract in lactating Fries...

Pectin is a polysaccharide present in fruit cell walls can be extracted from fruit wastes obtained after processing. The objective of the present investigation was to study the potential of citrus fruit peels to be a source of pectin as it is of great importance in food and medical industry. This study...

Nucleoside analogs have been shown to have mitochondrial toxicity. In vitro tests can evaluate the mechanisms and severity of the toxicity. Tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (TDF) is a novel drug for type B hepatitis. In this study, HK-2 cells were used to evaluate the effect of TDF on mitochondrial toxicity...

Objective: to study the electronic soft ureter mirror joint qin laser lithotripsy in the treatment of renal calyx calculi under safety and effectiveness.Methods: our hospital in March 2016 - March 2017 electronic soft ureter mirror qin laser lithotripsy under 40 patients under the treatment of renal...

Mosquitoes are distributed worldwide in tropical and temperate regions. The abundance of mosquitoes, provides a significant level of risk in transmitting pathogens and nuisance to humans. The aims of this study were (1) to measure the abundance and dominance of outdoor mosquitoes during daytime and (2)...

The increased cancer burden globally, from 12.7 million new cases in 2008 to a predicted 22.2 million in 2030, makes cancer a critical global problem with high unmet medical needs. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, and HCC is the third leading cause...

Edamame is food commodity that has high cultivation. Edamame can be grown in both highlands and lowlands. Edamame cultivation is limited by the low fertility based on the low content of soil organic matter, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and availability of the N, P, and K nutrients. This research aims...

The environmentally friendly fertilizer is necessary for vegetable production that are safe for consumption and maintain soil fertility. This study aims to determine the effect of the composition of urea fertilizer and Mexican sunflower compost (MSC) on the production and quality of various basil accessions...

Horticultural products are agricultural commodities that have strategic value not only for farmers, but also for market players and consumers in Indonesia. In 2019, the GRDP of horticultural products in East Java reached IDR31.13 trillion. Compared to other districts in East Java, Malang District is...

In vivo and in vitro study were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of five storage methods (wood shaving, use of basket, wood ash, bamboo poles and storage on the floor) of sweet potato and their management. Diseased tubers of sweet potato were collected from the field trial. The fungus was isolated...

The research aimed is to assess the effect of the combination of Timor-Leste Native Grass (NG), Leucaena leucocephala (LL) and Corypa elata Robx (CR) on in vitro Dry Matter (DM) and Organic Matter (OM) digestibility. The NG, LL and CeR were collected from Balibo sub-district, Bobonaro district, Timor-Leste....

Financial technology (Fintech) offers capital cash through a financing system that is claimed to be easier to access because it uses digitalized technology. This study has three objectives: (1) to know the vegetable and fruit farmers attitudes towards the fintech, (2) to assess the level of sustainability...

Indonesia is dealing with a public health issue called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), which is spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. To manage the Aedes aegypti mosquito, the primary carrier of DHF (Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever), many measures have been taken, including fumigation using malathion for adult...

Purposes: To sum up the historical development process of Chinese herbal medicine external treatment. To analyze the characteristics of external treatment of Chinese medicine and its development model in the future. Methods:Through the literature review, analysis and summary. Conclusions: The external...

Redesign the analog rice printing machines is one of the efforts to provide alternative printing machines. The name Monggomas was derived from the basic ingredients of analog rice made by researchers namely mocaf (mo), bonggol pisang (nggo)/banana hump, mayas (mas)/mayas rice. The purpose of this research...

Detection of the estrous cycle is essential for basic reproductive aspects in all animals. Both natural mating and assisted reproductive techniques require estrous detection for breeding programs which will assist to maintain the tiger population in captivity. This research aims to explore alternative...

Cryopreservation of ram sperm reduces sperm motility and breaks sperm membrane integrity due to free radicals developed by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, it provokes cryodamage and deteriorates sperm quality. This study investigated the effect of glutathione addition as an antioxidant agent...

The article presents the results of the usage efficiency of broilers of non-conventional raw materials of vegetable dry beet pulp, which has a positive impact on the physiological characteristics of poultry and quality indicators of meat. The research was carried out at the premises of the educational...

Glucose syrup is made from the hydrolysis of starch which can be hydrolyzed by acid, enzyme, or a combination of both. The liquefaction process in the production of glucose syrup is controlled by the enzymatic hydrolysis by α-amylase. The gelatinized starch is hydrolyzed into simpler molecules to be...

The carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from Antigonon leptopus leaves in the present study was done using conventional microwave irradiation. The optical properties of the CQDs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, revealing distinct excitations at 266 nm and 320 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...

Demand for functional foods has increased nowadays. Utilization of local food material may play an important role in functional food development. This paper presents the potential role of pumpkin flour in improving the quality of shirataki noodles. This research was carried out in laboratorial trial...

Corned chicken is a processed meat product that is processed using restructuring technology. Corned chicken is made by mixing meat, sugar, pepper, and flour. This study uses chicken meat as the main ingredient. Processed meat products, especially corned chicken, have several disadvantages such as pale...

Long range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) was used to improve the propagation lengths, electric field strengths, and the sharpness of angular resonance curves compared with the conventional surface plasmon resonance (CSPR). LRSPR sensor chip was designed with buffer layer whose refractive indices...

Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an extension of Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) but based on a non-gaussian diffusion model, allowing more comprehensive characterization of microstructural changes in the brain. The aim of this research was to test the technical feasibility to microstructural changes...

The activated carbon adsorption isotherms of organic matters in natural water were type II and III isotherms, which cannot fitted accurately by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. It is investigated on the different kinds of activated carbon adsorption characteristics for humic, lignin and tannic acid...

Nowadays, there are many kinds of sweetener commonly found in foods and beverages available on the market such as sugar cane, brown sugar (coconut sugar) and palm sugar. Those types of sugar have different nutritional content. Palm sugar is widely consumed as a natural sweetener since it is quite safe...

The objective of this study is to determine the best dose of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and soaking time for reducing hydrogen cyanide (HCN) level of cassava peel and its effect on rumen fermentation. This study consists of two stages. The first stage was the treatment of soaking cassava peels in Ca(OH)2...

This study aims to determine the success rate and wings morphometric on Apis cerana queen rearing based on differences in wax sources (Apis cerana, Apis mellifera, Apis dorsata and their mixtures) as artificial queen cell cups. This study was used six replications and six treatments (P1: 100% Apis cerana...

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on various aspects of life, including the fields of health, economy, industry, and agriculture in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on stock prices and stock price volatility in agricultural companies in Indonesia....

The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE ) model has been use widely to estimate soil erosion under various environment condition. The model enables a soil erosion mapping in a large scale for conservation planning purpose. Crop (C) and conservation practice (P) factors are important RUSLE parameters...

Infused water is a drink produced by infusing water with bits of spices or fruits, allowing the flavor of the spices or fruits to be absorbed into the water. This study aimed to find out how much vitamin C is in various varieties of ginger-infused water and what the pH levels are. Red ginger (Alpinia...

The results of selection work for restoring the varietal qualities of Strigunovsky local varieties of bulb onion. 7 promising lines of onions with stable varietal qualities, such as the shape and color of the bulbs, the yield of bulbs and seed productivity were obtained.

Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is widely known as the main pollinator of oil palm. Although economically important,the population genetics of this pollinator have remained relatively unexplored. This study explores population genetic structure and contemporary gene flow in...

The potensial of langsat (Lansium domesticum) shell powder to adsorb rhodamine B from aqueous solution has been investigated through bath experiments. The rhodamine B adsorption was found to be dependent on pH, initial rhodamine B concentration. The equilibrium data were described by Freundlich and Langmuir...

Goat’s lactation ability is affected by its reproductive ability to produce kids. Doe’s parturition is one of the most important considerations for goat’s milk production sustainability. This research aimed to determine the estrous characteristics in lactating Saanen Ettawah Crossbred (SAPERA) on different...

Pomegranates are known for being rich in polyphenols and are considered to have immense therapeutic potential. The present study investigates the hypothesis that the Methanolic Extract of Pomegranate (PME), a rich source of antioxidants, may reverse the adverse effects of TNF-α in endothelial cells....

By studying the germination, development, glorious period, current situation, thinking about the existing problems of traditional Chinese medicine theory, put forward the solution, let people better understand the theory of external medicine.

In the search of the antiacne agent from tropical medicinal plants, the methanolic extract of Hyptis capitata root was subjected to antiacne assay guided isolation of active compound. Extraction was conducted by maceration using methanol. The methanol extract was separated by column chromatography assisted...

The conversion of forestland to cultivation land such as oil palm plantation has been reported to cause a shortage of water resources in Indonesia. However, it was not clearly understood whether the decrease in water resources was related to a specific crop type like oil palm following deforestation...

Individuals with mandibular prognathism (MP) are characterized by a concave facial profile, and in severe cases, an extremely long face. These clinical characteristics mostly result from the extreme forward growth of the mandible, and are more prevalent in Asians than in Caucasians. MP is a multifactorial...

Slow-flow water is the main part of rural water, human activities to the semi-enclosed water caused serious pollution. Water bio-ecological remediation method can increase the ecosystem diversity, self purification capacity and system stability. The technology includes adding microorganisms, constructed...

The processed food products of the Baduy tribe are known to be high in carbohydrate but lack of protein. One effort to fulfill the needs of protein for the Baduy tribe processed food is to consume fish through diversification of the fishery product processing; one of the efforts is by fortification....

The need for chili paste is increasing in line with the increasing variety of types and menus of dishes that use chili paste. To improve the colour of chili paste some traders use the textile dye Rhodamine B which causes significant health risks. The purpose of this study is to develop an image processing...

It has been projected that the effects of climate change will hit Africa more than any other continent. For the avoidance of the casualties that may come with these changes, different sectors, units, and governments have been working tirelessly to prepare for sudden occurrences. However, it is imperative...

Stingless bee is one of the bee species that pollinates many horticultural crops such as chili plants in Sleman plantations. The dominance of the presence of Stingless bee in the environment of chili plantations determines the success rate of chili fruit production. Apart from the fact that the distance...

Performance monitoring tasks generate response-locked event-related potentials (ERPs), generated from anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) region of the medial prefrontal cortex. However, the quantitative relationship between mental fatigue and error monitoring has not been closely investigated, which is...

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) is one of the Indonesian herbs that has not yet been developed as an anticancer drug. The local name rodent tuber plant has produced superior mutant strains with higher levels and bioactive compounds. Compared to the mother plant, GCMS analysis detected four new...

Dairy cows live in a comfortable environment with a THI of less than 72, if it’s higher than it can be affected by heat stress conditions that are indicated by changes in the concentration of the thyroxine hormone. This study aims to determine the level of thyroxine hormone in dairy cows that were given...

The automatic adaptive feeder for fish feeding in recirculation plants has been developed and tested. It was found that the use of this feeder allowed to increase the yield of fry per 1 m³ by 35% and 13.6%; the yield of fingerling – by 45.9% and 18.5%; in the final period of cultivation – by 52.3% and...

The purpose of this study was to determine the increase of student learning activities by applying an active learning model using card sort method in biology subjects. The type of this research is classroom action research conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: plan, action,...

The Dipterocarpaceae are very dominant in the Kalimantan forest, which has an important role in economic and conservation aspects. The aim of this research is to determine the potential of Dipterocarpaceae at karst Sangkulirang – Mangkalihat in Berau and Kutai Timur Regency. The research is about two...

Growing demand for meat in developing countries is expected to double by 2050. In Indonesia, national beef production only satisfy about 45% of demand. Cattle production is limited by availability of land, particularly in Java Island. Post mining land, mostly located in outside Java, become one of potential...

This research aims to evaluate the nutritional content and flavonoid phytochemical compounds. The research material used in this study is shallot peel with blue lancor varieties from Probolinggo obtained from the center of fried onion production in the Street Muharto, Malang City. The method used is...

Spodoptera exigua is the main pest on shallot plants. The attack rate can reach 40% which results in a decrease in onion production. One way of controlling the environment that is environmentally friendly and reduces pest resistance is by intercropping using aromatic plants. This study aims to control...

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Sargassum sp. Extract encapsulated into chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles. Sargassum sp. Extract was prepared by maceration using ethanol 96% (1:10) for 24 h. Four nanoparticles formula were synthesized with the chitosan:Sargassum sp. Extract:tripolyphosphate...

To verify the osteoprotective effect of Zhuanggu-Guanjie (ZGGJ) in male mice. The male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group (sham-operation), model group (orchidectomy group), three ZGGJ groups at doses of 0.77, 1.54 and 3.08g/kg, as well as Alendronate sodium group as positive control....

Purposes: To probe abnormality that may lead to anxiety in depressive patients. Procedures: This study investigated the graph theory features ahead of machine learning feature selection procedure. Classification methods were applied afterwards. Methods: Graph theory, statistical analysis and forward...

The bud-grafting method is the most economical technique of Hevea brasiliensis propagation. This technique requires rootstock and scion. The high rootstock demand for the replanting program drives the seeds’ suppliers to collect assorted seeds from cultivated fields, lead to a high variation in the germination...

The research was aimed at studying a long-term influence of intensive tillage systems on water availability-related soil properties. This research had been carried out in Nawungan agricultural land, Imogiri in the clay soils dominantly by Lithic Ustorthent. Nawungan has long-term agricultural activities....

The cocoa bean production (quality and quantity) influenced by soil and climate characteristics as well as farming management (fertilizer, irrigation, drainage, etc). Soil characteristics such as texture and pH closely related to particles transportation from soil to all part of plants (root, stem, leaf,...

Powder metallurgy is a manufacturing process for a component that shape combine of making powder compaction. Determination final properties on hydroxyapatite (HAp)/Al2O3/SiC have an important role as a reinforced to determine the final properties on a biomaterial composite. Using of self-propagating...

Drought stress is an inhibiting factor for plant growth and development. Drought stress reduces the seed to germinate and to grow on different varieties. Response to germination to drought stress is the beginning signal of drought tolerance for several varieties of plants. The purposes of this study...

The purpose of this study is to determine the land equivalent ratio (LER) of Indigofera zollingeriana (Iz) and Pennisetum purpureum (Pp) in coconut plantations based on nutrient content. This experiment was performed by a fully randomized design (CRD), a combination of 6 treatments in the growing room,...

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of composition and raw materials differences on the yield, quality and price of forage pellet. This study used a mixture of various types of weeds as the main raw material for making forage pellets, pollard and rice bran as the ingredients. Each forage...

Rarang chicken is one of the mainstay culinary products of West Nusa Tenggara. Canning is the choice of processing technology to extend the shelf life of products with stable quality and expand market reach. The heat adequacy for canning rarang chicken has been determined, but tests on changes in texture...

Food safety is very important to support the halal tourism program. One of the problems faced by Muslim consumers is the possibility of mixing non-halal meat such as rats in meat-based food products. Molecularly we can detect the presence of rat meat in meat-based products using the PCR technique. It...

Fermentation potentially improves the quality of tapioca. Fermentation of tapioca occurred either spontaneously or with the addition of starters. Lactic acid bacteria widely used as a starter on flour fermentation. This study aimed to determine the effect of the types of Lactic acid bacteria on the characteristic...

The energy sector in Indonesia is a problem that the government must consider. Indonesia still relies on fossil energy as the main energy for power generation. However, the use of fossil energy that is carried out continuously will make Indonesia's energy reserves in the future will experience a...

A method has been developed for obtaining samples of a derivative of 1,4-dihydropyridine-nifedipine gels using the solid dispersion technique. A quality assessment of the obtained soft dosage forms has been performed. The effectiveness of the proposed technique for obtaining nifedipine gels has been...

Through the research on the development history of Chinese medicine traditional decoction, the Chinese medicine decoction was compared with the scrambled and fried granules, and the effects of Chinese medicine decoction were discussed from the perspectives of quality and quality of decoction, boiling...

Land used for agriculture activities is recognized to have a low rental value compared to land used for industrial and trade sectors. As a result, agricultural land is increasingly under pressure to be converted to non-agricultural land, posing a danger to Indonesia’s agricultural land sustainability....

Eid is an Islamic holiday celebrated lively in Indonesia, including in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera Province, with the tradition of slaughtering buffalo in the village as a form of community togetherness. The occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic disaster impacted the socio-economic conditions of the...

Kersana is one of the central shallot-producing districts in Brebes Regency. Synthetic pesticides are widely and usually used in this cropland, and it has caused pollution of soil and water. Bioremediation can be one of the solutions to overcome this problem by using indigenous-bacteria from contaminated...

Twenty-first-century skills encompass science literacy, competencies, and character qualities. Science literacy is one of the basic literacy skills that play a significant role in modern society, where people have to deal with advanced science and technology. Science literacy can be promoted in university...

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is one of the high-value plants. However, shallot productivity has been decreased due to some disturbing organisms. Spodoptera exigua is one of the pests on shallot farming and causes a yield reduction of up to 70%. Farmers use excessive synthetic pesticides to overcome the...

This study aimed to determine the growth and production of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) with NPK fertilizer. This research used a completely randomized design one-way ANOVA. The treatments were the 3 levels provision of NPK fertilizer of 0 kg/ha, 80 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha. This research used 30 days old...

Objective: This study aims to compare the cytotoxicity and adhesion of submicron calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dehydrate (COD) crystals toward African green monkey renal epithelial cells (Vero) to reveal the mechanism of kidney stone formation at cellular level. Methods: The injury effect of...

Based on characteristics of wood crib releasing formaldehyde (CH2O), a physical model, which CH2O releases and diffuses from crib in indoor, is established to simulate the distribution characteristics of CH2O concentration in confined and ventilated indoor. CH2O concentration near crib is larger, and...

Phytochemical and antioxidant activity tests were conducted on ethanol extracts of the trunk, flower and leaf of Senggani (Melastoma candidum D.Don). Each sample was macerated with ethanol, and then it was concentrated with a rotary evaporator. The secondary metabolites of each sample’s phytochemical...

Brek fish production (Systomus orphoides) is thought to be overexploited, recently. Accordingly, to overcome this problem, so, the broodstock male sperm must be preserved. The present study was conducted to investigate the additional soy extract as a supplement to the extender on sperm motility of brek...

This study investigates the abnormal brain structural connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) through a modularization approach. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were collected from 20 MDD patients and 20 age-matched controls. The structural modularity characteristics and their...

Food security consists of four main pillars such as food availability, food access, food utilization, and food stability. Increased food production is the most important factor because it is sufficient to meet everyone’s food needs. Food availability is associated with the modification and efficiency...

This paper presents an Internet of things (IoT) based automation and monitoring system intended to conserve electrical energy in classroom environments. The system will make use of image processing techniques to detect human presence, thereby activating an automatic control system for the lighting and...

Feed additives are a safer alternative feed option to use compared to synthetic additives. This research aims to evaluate the morphological characteristics and flavonoid content of herbal dreg nanoparticles that can potentially be used as feed additives for laying hens. The methods used in this research...

The purpose of this study was to determine and show the performance of Brahman Crossbred cattle reared based on the integration of oil palm cattle. The Heifers used in this study were 360 of Brahman crossbred cattle (24 months). The performance of the cattle was observed from postpartum to the age of...

B-vitamins can be used as cofactors in the synthesis process of L-threonine. Concentration of the cofactor can effectively change the activity of specific enzymes and reallocate the distribution of carbon substances in the cells. Theeffects of B-vitamins, including calcium pantothenate (VB5), cobalamin...

The research paper includes the information on the application of nanostructured motherwort extract in the production of fruit jelly candy, which can be used as a therapeutic functional food product. The size of nanostructured motherwort extract was determined by a nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA)....

Stingless bees are pollinating insects that are important for plants and useful for producing honey. The role of stingless bees as pollinators related to the activity of foraging on flowers. The aim of this study was to measure pollen load and flower constancy of two species stingless bees, Tetragonula...

Animal manure is a renewable natural resource as a biological fertilizer whose quality can be improved through various strategies. Research on fertilization strategies was carried out to get the best level of cow manure-manure compost enriched with various types and inorganic fertilizers doses on growth,...

Hemoglobin contains of heme, which binds iron and protoporphyrin, and globin, which consist of combination of α, β, δ, and γ chain. α-globin globin gene is located in 16p13.3 cytogenetically, and β-globin gene is in 11p15.4. Thalassemia is a blood disorder characterized in the lack or absence of one...