All of the articles in this proceedings volume have been presented at the ICST 2024 during October 23–24, 2024 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. These articles have been peer reviewed by the members of the Scientific Committee and approved by the Editor-in-Chief, who affirms that this document is a truthful...

Renewable energy still suffers from limitations. One common problem is intermittency. Energy storage technology can help overcome this problem. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is one of the energy storage technologies that has several advantages. The development of CAES must continue to be developed...

The utilization of renewable energy, particularly from hydropower, is still a developing field of research, and the optimal design for maximum efficiency remains a challenge to achieve. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the number of runner blades on the performance of a cross-flow...

Indonesia remains highly dependent on fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources, which contribute to global warming. On the other hand, the country has yet to fully develop waste heat utilization, especially through organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems, to help reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Take...

The increasing demand for energy-efficient cold storage solutions, particularly in the transport of perishable foods, has led to the exploration of phase change materials (PCMs) as alternatives to conventional refrigeration methods. This study investigates the use of eutectic mixtures of polyethylene...

Pulp and paper industry is one of the most important and growing industrial sectors in the world. Global pulp and paper production continues to increase along with rising demand from year to year. The pulp industry generally uses hardwood for Kraft pulp production which is also integrated with paper...

In a large-scale pulp and paper industry, good quality chips play a critical role in determining the pulp making process. Several factors affect the resulting quality of chips in the wood chipping process; among of them are the chipper knife sharpness and wear. This research examines the difference between...

Bucket teeth on excavators are essential components used for digging and loading materials. Consequently, the material used must possess high wear resistance, hardness, and toughness. Manganese steel is commonly used for this purpose because of its exceptional wear resistance. This research aims to enhance...

The bucket tooth is an excavator component, primarily used for digging soil or rock. Due to frequent wear and tear, its mechanical properties require enhancement. This research aimed to increase the hardness and wear resistance of PC200 excavator bucket teeth through quenching and tempering. The material...

During its operating life, pressure vessels can experience various types of internal and external loads, which cause stress concentration on the nozzles. One of the load types is torsional load, which occurs due to a combination of internal pressure and thermal load due to fluid temperature inside the...

Application of low alloy steel in the wood processing in pulp and p per mills is widely used due to its strength and ease of forming. However, Low wear resistance due to friction makes the service life short and thus uneconomical. Increasing the wear resistance of the surface by hard-facing is an attractive...

Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is produced from two undivided electrolysis cells, where the oxidation reaction of sodium chloride (NaCl) to chlorine occurs on the anode side, and the reduction of water (H2O) to hydrogen occurs on the cathode side. In the process production, requires considerable electrical...

Ensuring structural integrity in aircraft is vital for safe operation. This study explores the application of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems in aviation, focusing on advanced sensor technologies and data processing techniques. We instrumented a representative aircraft component with strain...

Microneedle is an innovation in injecting drugs without pain and without leaving damage to skin tissue. Microneedles can be applied to drug injection, biosensing, and biological specimen extraction. In this study, we investigated the effects of material choice, aspect ratio, and layer height on the fabrication...

There have been many publications on 3D printing in the dental industry, but publications on bibliometric reviews are scarce. This forms the basis of this study, which aims to present a bibliometric review of the field of 3D printing in dental applications and related disciplines. All data analyzed was...

This research investigates the performance and economic viability of electric motorcycles converted from conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) motorcycles in Indonesia. The study focuses on optimizing the continuously variable transmission (CVT) system, a crucial component in these conversions....

Effective vendor selection and strong relationship management are crucial for maintaining competitiveness and mitigating supply chain risks. However, unstructured selection processes can lead to inefficiencies, such as wasted time, resources, and financial losses. A marble industry in Indonesia faces...

Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) is a nature-inspired optimization algorithm based on the pollination process of flowers. Originally FPA was created to solve continuous optimization problems. Here FPA was modified to solve discrete problems. In this paper, FPA was modified by adding Chaotic Maps function...

Dissolving pulp (DP) has a high cellulose content and low chemical components and is obtained from wood through PHK. It is a raw material for various cellulose products, such as viscose fibers, cellulose esters, and ethers. More than 70% of dissolving pulp is utilized in viscose fiber production. Rayon...

Indonesia is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes and tropical cyclones because of Indonesia’s geographical location on the ring of fire, the equator and its long coastline. These two disasters often cause damage to roof tiles. Clay roof tiles, which are currently widely used, are proven to...

The development of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has brought about a shift from traditional to digital work in various industries, including automotive. This article discusses the impact of digital transformation on operations in the automotive industry, particularly in terms of maintenance. To keep...

Technology development and various needs to help humans work without increasing the risk of human safety. One of these technologies is the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), commonly referred to as a drone. UAV technology is required in various sectors, both civilian and military. Therefore, research was...

Ensuring structural integrity in aircraft is vital for safe operation. This study explores the application of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems in aviation, focusing on advanced sensor technologies and data processing techniques. We instrumented a representative aircraft component with strain...

This research investigates the dual role of Aluminium powder in stabilizing and improving Aluminium foam production via the melt route. By mixing Aluminium powder with titanium hydride (TiH₂) before adding it to the melt, the powder acts as both a stabilizer and a dispersing agent for TiH₂, enhancing...

Duplex stainless-steel features a unique microstructure with balanced amounts of ferrite and austenite, achieved through the stabilization of elements like Cr, Mo, Ti, Si, Ni, N, C, and Mn. This balance contributes to excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. In this study, welding was...

The increase of CO2 emission is the main actor of climate change. Indonesia committed through NDC at COP26 to reduce GHG emissions by 31% and achieve NZE by 2060. Indonesia’s State Electricity Company, PT PLN, has planned to develop 20.9 GW of renewable energy power plants by 2030 including PV Power...

This study introduces a novel self-reinforced sandwich panel design, incorporating a low-density polypropylene (PP) corrugated core between self-reinforced polypropylene (SRPP) face sheets. This structure aims to achieve high energy absorption, good toughness, low density, and full recyclability, addressing...

The use of virtual reality is growing rapidly, not only in gaming but also in sports. However, using virtual reality can lead to cybersickness, with symptoms such as nausea, oculomotor disturbances, and disorientation. This study aims to measure the onset of cybersickness during treadmill exercise and...

This research aims to design a prototype application for enhancing shopping experience at supermarket using the integration of Design Thinking method, Human Centered Design approach and AI features. Through customer observations, primary difficulties were identified, such as the challenge of memorizing...

The Diesel Power Plant (DPP) utilizes energy from fuel, converting it into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. Over time, changes in fuel types have been necessary to meet the electricity production needs of DPPs. As fossil fuels become increasingly scarce, alternative fuels such as biodiesel...

The necessity for transportation is growing since human lifestyles change rapidly. Furthermore, since e-commerce has become widely used, more goods have been transported through delivery and courier companies. Nevertheless, transportation is responsible for around one-fifth, or 23%, of carbon emissions...

This study examines how cellulose aging affects the degradation of dissolving pulp quality during storage. Dissolving pulp, with a consistency of 10%, is stored in tanks before being processed into pulp sheets. Over time, the quality of this pulp deteriorates, a phenomenon known as pulp aging. Key factors...

In wet sulphuric acid plants, the economic analysis of replacing NaOH with H2O2 as an absorbent in scrubber systems explores the potential cost savings and operational benefits. The primary motivation for this change is the generation of H2SO4 of the reaction between H2O2 and SO2 that can be reintegrated...

This study investigates the flexural strength of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nylon (CFRN) produced via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) about key printing parameters: extrusion temperature, printing speed, and infill pattern. While CFRN is known for its enhanced mechanical properties, the specific impact...

In the manufacturing industry, high production flexibility is crucial. The Computer Numerical Control Training Unit (CNC TU) 3-axis machine enables large-scale production through computer automation but still requires skilled operators. A lack of operator expertise can negatively impact production efficiency...

Ocean wave excitation contributes to the emergence of noise in the communication system that is applied to the ocean. This paper delivers the preliminary design of the smart buoy with noise reduction capability provided by the attached dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) automation system. Hydrostatic stability...

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) plays an important role in the pulp and paper industry to produce pulp with high purity, yellowing is not desired and paper with high quality. Bleaching pulp using chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is widely chosen because more environmentally friendly and does not produce dioxins, furans,...

Municipal solid waste (MSW), a prevalent environmental concern, presents a significant energy harnessing opportunity. This study explores the gasification of MSW into a usable gaseous fuel utilizing a Dual Reactor Fluidized Bed, a thermal technology that transitions solid substrates into gases. The primary...

The use of lightweight materials has become one of the choices in automotive, structural, and aerospace applications today, as it can improve fuel efficiency and the manufacturing process itself. Polyurethane Foam is one of the materials with low density, good material strength, and can be applied in...

Laser ablation in liquid has become increasingly more popular due to it’s short preparation time, no need for hazardous chemicals, a wide selection of nanomaterials, and it’s properties that can be easily tuned by adjusting parameters in the ablation process. This research compares the production rate...

Recently, Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology was undergoing rapid development, incorporating nanotechnology to enhance the final product’s quality. Stereolithography (SLA) constitutes a form of AM that fabricates three-dimensional objects by solidifying liquid resin through ultraviolet light exposure,...

This research was conducted by designing and modifying the composite prepregs-making machine developed in the previous research, in order to capable of adjusting the angle of fiber winding during the filament winding process. Composite pipe samples were produced using reinforcing fibers, namely carbon...

The problem of dimension deviation still happens in CNC milling operation, although using a modern machine completed with many advanced features. This study aims to get a prediction model for calculating the dimension deviation using selected machine parameters such as feed rate, cutting speed, axial...

Thermoelectric refrigeration system is expected to provide the best choice when compared to conventional refrigeration systems. However, unfortunately the performance is still very low. In this research was developed a thermoelectric refrigeration system and control system based on Arduino Uno. For this...

Pipes have an important role in industries that support fluid or gas distribution. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically monitor the condition of the pipe, especially if what is flowed can be flammable or dangerous if it comes out of the pipe. Leaks in the pipe need to be avoided. In the era of...

This paper reports existing studies on the influence of the number of blades on vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) performance. Wind turbine blade is an important element in the conversion of wind energy to electrical energy, because of their ability to convert wind kinetic energy, even at low wind speeds....

Vaccination is one of the health interventions carried out by the government, as an effort to deal with the spread of COVID-19. Indonesia has started a vaccination program since the beginning of 2021 and has successfully injected 321,258,956 doses of COVID-19 vaccine in both the first, second, and third...

In the petroleum refining process, distillation columns, operating under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, are vital components responsible for producing crucial hydrocarbons. Conventional non-destructive tests often necessitate prolonged plant shutdowns, prompting the adoption of gamma...

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 80% of urban communities live with air pollution and more than 7 million people die yearly because of this. It is known that vehicles contribute approximately one- quarter of CO2 emissions globally. One way to implement CO2 reduction is use of...

Global growth of energy transition has increased in the last decades. One of the prominent alternatives of energy carrier other than fossil fuel and electricity is hydrogen fuel. In addition to electrolysis, photocatalytic water splitting offers clean way of producing green hydrogen. It employs solar...

In sustainability context, social risks are having equal importance with technical and environmental risks. However, most previous studies focusing on product development risks are mostly paying attention to operational risk and overlooking an effort to classify socially oriented sustainability risks...

Nowadays, modeling rail vehicles as a multibody in the dynamic simulation of ride comfort with a rigid carbody approach is less relevant—the analysis results are less accurate. The literature review shows that the first vertical bending mode vibration in the flexible carbody coincides with the human...

Currently, many local micro-industries have begun to process mango fruit into various kinds of food and drinks. Such as being processed into dodol, syrup, jelly, and even coffee from mango seeds. Before being processed into products as above, mangoes are first made in puree form, where puree is fruit...

The need for aluminum material as the main material in the production process of the transportation and construction industry is increasingly needed because aluminum is a light metal that has high ductility, is resistant to rust, and is a good conductor of electricity. The problem is that aluminum has...

Many aspects influence railway vehicle dynamics. One common aspect is the track defect, as the condition of the rail itself will interact directly with the wheel of the train when passing the rail. Dipped rail joint, which is practically impossible to eliminate its existence from the entire track, is...

Working continuously can lead to fatigue, both physically and mentally. The objective of this study is to provide a macroscopic overview of the relationship between fatigue levels and work performance based on existing publications. There is a relationship among the three dominant clusters, namely human...

The Logging While Drilling (LWD) calibration is one of the fundamental controls to ensure reliable formation evaluation data in an oil and gas drilling. There are many different calibration types in logging tools, one of them is density-neutron calibration. A study case conducted in one oilfield service...

Porous carbon is one alternatives material to store hydrogen through adsorption mode known as solid state hydrogen storage (SSHS). The capacity of this SSHS could be analyzed using volumetric technique, measuring the changing of pressure at known volume and temperature. The measurement equipment using...