All of the articles in this proceedings volume have been presented at the [ICFRIM] during [2.28-3.2, 2025] in [Singapore]. These articles have been peer reviewed by the members of the [Scientific Committee] and approved by the Editor-in-Chief, who affirms that this document is a truthful description...

This paper presents a comprehensive financial analysis of COSCO SHIPPING Holdings Co., Ltd., a leading entity in China’s shipping industry. It examines the company’s financial health from 2021 to 2023, focusing on solvency, operating capacity, and profitability metrics. The analysis reveals that COSCO...

The evolving landscape of global trade has emphasized the importance of export control regulations, particularly under the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework. This paper investigates the current state of WTO export control rules, focusing on key provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and...

In recent years, the concept of ESG (Environmental, Social and corporate governance) has attracted much attention, not only becoming a focus issue in the field of practice, but also inspiring extensive and in-depth theoretical discussions as a key strategy to drive sustainable development of the global...

Reducing carbon emissions has grown more and more important as global climate change gets worse. In light of this, research on the effect of green finance on the carbon emissions trading market (CETM) has emerged, which has been the subject of several research, is thoroughly examined in this article....

As the global climate change and environmental problems become more serious day by day, Green Financial is becoming an important tool for the promotion of sustainability. This paper aims at the analysis of the status quo of Chinese commercial banks in order to identify their challenges and put forward...

New energy vehicle investment is one of the key research topics today. Some researchers have explored the investment proposals of a few companies; however, the goal of their research is too single and there are still research gaps. Therefore, the research topic of this paper is comparative analysis of...

In the era of Industry 4.0, the digitization of supply chains has emerged as a critical driver of competitiveness and innovation, especially in the e-commerce sector. Technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain are transforming traditional supply chain...

With the acceleration of the global urbanization process, urban energy consumption has risen sharply, and the transition to low-carbon cities has become an urgent need to mitigate global warming. However, this transformation is not a smooth road, especially since the profound change of energy structure...

The global climate crisis is becoming increasingly severe, the pressure of resource exploitation is increasing, greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, biodiversity is suffering, and water shortage is becoming more prominent, posing a serious challenge to human survival and environment. In this context,...

This study primarily investigates the impact of environmental performance on corporate financing constraints. It further examines the underlying mechanisms through which patient capital and board diversity, particularly the proportion of female directors, influence the relationship between environmental...

In the era of digital economy, the financial industry is closely integrated with digital technology, and the risks it faces present new characteristics. In addition to traditional financial risks, new types of financial risks show strong contagiousness and high-risk correlation. As the current regulatory...

With the continuous intensification of global environmental problems, sustainable development has become a topic of common concern in the international community. The manufacturing industry is the key cornerstone of the global economy, but the problems such as environmental pollution, high energy consumption...

With the development of electronic and information technology, video games have gradually become one of the primary forms of entertainment for people. The video game market has continuously expanded, attracting more and more investors who recognize the value of the industry. Companies specializing in...

This study analyses the valuation of two e-commerce giants, Amazon and Alibaba, using the price-earnings ratio model and the Free Cash Flow Equity model (FCFE). According to the P/E model, Amazon’s stock has a high appreciation potential with a reasonable share price of $229.69 after 5 years, while Alibaba’s...

This article mainly introduces that after the COVID-19, against the background of the devaluation of the RMB against the US dollar, through a series of economic theories, it analyzes some factors that lead to the devaluation of the RMB. The main factors are probably the income level of the people of...

This article delves into the complex economic relationship between China and the United States, with a particular focus on how recent political shifts, including the aftermath of the U.S. election, influence global trade dynamics and Chinese industries. It provides an in-depth analysis of the key sectors...

With the development of the economy, more and more retail investors participate in the stock market. The research aim of this study is to advise ordinary retail investors on how to build portfolios using Markowitz model and the single index model. The data used are the stock prices of 22 risky assets...

The effectiveness of the two models in aligning portfolio risk and managing returns for unconstrained investments and constrained ones is analyzed in the article. In relation to both systematic and idiosyncratic risks the MM has an advantage in this respect, favorable under unrestricted conditions. By...

With the continuous progress of global human civilization, the frequent occurrence of environmental problems has become impossible to ignore, and the concept of ESG (Environment, Society and governance) has gradually entered the public vision. The growing importance of ESG performance, an important measure...

This paper thoroughly examines the innovation of green finance and its current development status. First, it introduces the concept and characteristics of green finance, highlighting its crucial role in promoting sustainable development and environmental protection. The article then analyzes the primary...

This article studies the carbon emission management methods in civil construction under the background of the “dual carbon” target. This article focuses on the current situation, problems, and management strategies of carbon emissions in civil construction. This article adopts the research methods of...

This paper discusses the application and optimization methods of time series models in the financial field, focusing on the effectiveness of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models and their hybrid models in actual cases. The prediction results of several hybrid models selected in this...

The rapid recovery of the domestic economy in China after the pandemic is now making the gold market more popular. Therefore, the technical methods to predict the gold price are required for the current market situation. This paper presents a comparative analysis of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and...

The property market is an important part of the world’s money system, and being able to determine how stock prices may walk is essential for making wise investment choices. Because stock markets can change quickly and are complicated, traditional methods often do not give accurate predictions. This research...

This study evaluates the application and validity of three stock valuation models, price multiples, capital asset pricing model (CAPM), and dividend discount model (DDM), in the U.S. semiconductor industry. By analyzing three leading semiconductor companies, the study examines how these models reflect...

In the context of economic globalization and the evolving global economic landscape, economic growth and inflation, as important macroeconomic variables, play an important role in economic stability and sustainable development. This study comprehensively analyzes the intrinsic connection between economic...

This article focuses on the financial performance of Fosun Pharma’s mergers and acquisitions. It analyses several of Fosun Pharma’s M&As and examines the results from the perspective of financial performance using case study and comparative analysis methods. Fosun Pharma’s profitability has improved...

In the context of global climate change, the concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has gradually become an essential component of corporate operations. This paper selects Sungrow as the research subject, systematically analyzing its practical measures under the guidance of the ESG concept...

As financial management becomes more technically sophisticated, the prediction of stock price becomes a significant task for investors and traders. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is a technique commonly employed to predict trends in stock prices. Moreover, it is a time series...

Sustainability is transforming the financial market from traditional risk-return focus to valuing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors when making investment decisions. However, greenwashing has been detected as a common practice in this process, where financial companies tend to exaggerate...

This paper explores the theoretical and practical aspects of supply chain finance (SCF) as applied to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the automotive industry, considering the challenges of the current economic landscape. It begins with an in-depth analysis of the theoretical framework of...

Nowadays, in the two-carbon context, the topic of green industry has aroused the people’s attention gradually. As the construction of a beautiful China accelerates, the increasing number of businesses carry out greenwashing in order to maintain their corporate image, attract investment and increasing...

In recent years, the traditional entertainment industry has been transformed by streaming media, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have become an important means for media and entertainment companies to adapt to changes in the external environment, acquire management resources and increase competitiveness....

This study explores the strategy of portfolio optimization through the Markowitz model and the index model, using Costco as an example to analyze the relationship between portfolio performance and corporate development. The findings suggest that effective portfolio optimization can not only help investors...

The article compared the Markowitz Model with the Index Model in terms of their performance under five different realistic constraints in portfolio optimization. Utilizing 20 years of daily return data for 21 stocks from diverse sectors and the S&P 500 index as a market benchmark, the study estimated...

Sweaty Betty is a very well-known clothing brand, and this research study analyzes the current state of its market environment, the concerns that strategize the company’s focus on internationalization, and prospects in emerging markets. PESTEL analyses, such as the marketing mix, serve to assess Sweaty...

This paper presents a backtesting methodology centered on evaluating the long-term performance of a constant investment strategy, contrasting it with traditional risk-focused measures such as Value-at-Risk (VaR) backtesting. Instead of prioritizing downside risk validation, this framework quantifies...

Analyzing discrete data in the real world and applying the results of that analysis is something that people do all the time. It has a long history, and it involves different fields. To be able to better analyze the data, people often use various methods. Each of these approaches has its own history,...

Portfolio optimization is the foundation of modern investing theory, enabling investors to balance risk and return in the dynamic stock market environment. This paper examines two seminal models of portfolio optimization—the Markowitz model and the Index model—exploring their theoretical foundations,...

As global climate change continues to intensify, green finance, as an innovative financial tool, plays a crucial role in promoting the transition to a low-carbon economy. At present, in-depth analysis of the impact of green finance reform and innovation pilot zones on reducing carbon emissions has become...

In the digital transformation wave, enterprise business models are deeply evolving. This research comprehensively explores digitalization’s multifaceted impacts on these models and transformation paths. By reviewing global studies, it shows digitalization drives enterprises to construct digital platforms...

This study examines the impact of investor sentiment toward green finance on stock market activity. The research addresses the gap in understanding the dynamic relationship between green bond market activity and stock market performance, which is increasingly important as green finance continues to grow...

The U.S.-China trade war has triggered a significant restructuring of global supply chains, presenting Southeast Asia’s export manufacturing sector with both substantial opportunities and considerable challenges. As the United States imposed tariffs on Chinese goods, numerous foreign enterprises relocated...

Recent years witnessed an obvious trend that the influence of sports increases gradually. Especially, The World Cup has captured the attention of people all over the world and has brought untold wealth to this country. However, the traditional sports business model is limited, so this paper research...

This paper examines the impact of the US Federal Reserve’s interest rate cuts on global exchange rates, with a particular focus on the impact on major currencies such as the renminbi and the yen. The analysis includes a comprehensive examination of how interest rate cuts affect exchange rate volatility...

This study aims to investigate whether the inclusion of turnover rate (HSL) as a liquidity factor can enhance the explanatory power of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Fama-French three-factor model (FF3) in predicting stock returns. This issue is of critical importance in academic research,...

China’s economy demonstrated its strong resilience and stability in the first half of 2024. China’s gross domestic product (GDP) in the first half of 2024 was 61.7 trillion yuan, up 5.0% year-on-year. Under such a poor external environment, China’s economy still continued to recover to a positive trend,...

This paper looks at the investments in renewable energy by two different companies in the field of electric vehicles, BYD and Tesla. It explains how they are similar and different in their strategies. Tesla works on advanced technologies and aims to change the market, while BYD focuses on local markets...

This article studies the performance changes of the listed companies on the Science and Technology Innovation Board (STB) from the perspective of financial indicators, analyzes the performance trends of key indicators such as revenue growth, profitability, R&D investment, and capital structure, and...

With a focus on Marvel Studios’ financial performance especially, this research study looks at its competitive positioning and development plans to help one explain why Marvel movies have attained unheard-of success. By means of a review of Marvel’s business strategy, income sources, manufacturing costs,...

China’s real estate is an important component of the national economy, with a significant impact on economic growth, employment, and residents’ wealth accumulation. It is also related to financial stability and the urbanization process. Following the comprehensive housing reform initiated in 1994, and...

The company of Xiaomi is one of the most successful startup companies in China in the last fifteen years. This article aims to analyze Xiaomi’s management strategies and identify the reasons for Xiaomi’s success. This article mainly studies the strategic planning and execution of Xiaomi in three different...

Green finance is an innovative practice and an important branch in the field of finance. It aims to promote environmental protection and sustainable development through financial instruments and market forces, and guide funds to green industries. With the work of organizations such as the United Nations...

The automotive industry is a representative of heavy industry. Likewise, the automotive industry is part of the economic foundation of most countries, and the development of the automotive industry is a national and social necessity. Currently, AI is definitely one of the most popular technologies. AI...

Nowadays, with the sustained development of technology and the economy, the conflict between humans and nature is constantly highlighted all over the world. Both common people and enterprises are constantly paying much more attention to environmental protection issues, making the competition among environmental...

The interest rates cut always has significant influence on countries’ economic, especially on the stock markets. On Sept. 19th 2024, the Federal Reserve announces the cut of Federal Funds Effective Rate, which caused some impacts on stock markets. To improve the accuracy of the conclusions of the empirical...

The correlation between investor sentiment and stock prices has been the focus of many scholars. Taking Tesla as an example, this article discusses the impact of emotional factors on the stock market price of listed companies. First, this article describes the main phases of Tesla’s stock price, such...

This study examines the key issues that Tesla faced during its digital transformation and how its successes can provide lessons for other companies. This issue is of great importance to the academic field as it reveals how digital technologies are reshaping business operating models and driving traditional...

The purpose of this study is to find out if the Fama-French three-factor model’s explanatory power can be increased by include Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) elements. The study advances the theoretical foundation of asset pricing models, which benefits academia. From 2018 to 2023, Fama-French...

This study aims to address the limitations of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) in explaining cross-sectional variations in asset returns and to evaluate the performance of the Fama-French Three-Factor Model (FFM) as an alternative. The research is significant as it provides a more comprehensive...

In the context of global sustainable development, the importance of ESG disclosure has become increasingly prominent, and corporate transparency and social responsibility have become the focus of attention for investors and regulators. Taking Jiangsu Shuntian’s ESG disclosure falsification incident as...

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) provide a solid foundation in global economy. The importance of them lies in many fields, such as economic growth, job creation, innovation, and fostering entrepreneurship. They make great contribution to local economies and overall industrial development....

This study using the data from June 20, 2024, to December 19, 2024 Google, investigates the application of the AMIRA model to predict future trends in Google’s stock prices. Google, a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc., is a global technology leader whose stock performance reflects market dynamics influenced...

The innovation of digital payment has completely changed the way people handle money, replacing traditional cash transactions with more convenient and efficient intelligent payment systems. However, these systems also have their challenges. This paper discusses the changes digital payments have brought,...

Digital transformation as a means of technological change is dramatically transforming the retail business, bringing new technological solutions to the retail industry. Retail companies are obliged to keep up with social habits and modern technological tools or they will be defeated by more efficient...

With the development of the times, society has gradually stepped into the information age. The Internet has become an indispensable part of people’s lives. Nowadays, more and more people are accustomed to using the network for consumer spending, and online consumption has already accounted for a large...

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) has faced empirical and theoretical criticisms and extensions to improve its explanatory power by incorporating additional characteristics have been widely tested over the past decades. This study examines the predictive impact of stock trading turnover and market...

This research centers on the effect of the Federal Reserve’s interest rate cuts on China’s stock market. Employing monthly data spanning from September 2016 to September 2022, it chooses variables such as the Shanghai Stock Exchange index, exchange rate, export volume, consumer price index, lending rate,...

For companies trying to improve operational efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability in an increasingly digital marketplace, digital transformation has become a crucial strategy. This paper investigates the digital transformation journey of BYD, a leading Chinese electric vehicle (EV) company,...

The digital transformation of enterprises has become a prevailing trend in today’s fast-evolving society, reshaping industries and enabling companies to thrive in a competitive environment. Xiaomi Company is a Chinese technology company that has achieved great success through digital transformation....

In recent years, as technology is developing fast in the digital stage, commercial banks are also adapting by transformation. The introduction of the new technologies such as big information analysis, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) have changed the way the financial services has...

In the long river of the era of rapid digital development, the luxury industry needs to undergo synchronous digital transformation if it wants to develop and not be eliminated. In various fields of digital transformation, financial-related digital transformation is particularly important. Therefore,...

This paper takes Volkswagen’s “Dieselgate” incident as an entry point to explore issues related to enterprises’ “greenwashing” behavior. Firstly, it introduces the general situation of Volkswagen and the typical “greenwashing” behavior of “Dieselgate”, that is, using cheating software to make vehicles...

With the rapid development of digital technologies, commercial banks are facing competitive pressure from fintech companies and emerging payment methods, which has driven them to undertake digital transformation in response to market changes. This essay deeply discusses the development status and future...

Under the background of digitalization, the inherent model of the retail industry has been subjected to a huge impact, and the old giants of the retail industry such as Yonghui Supermarket have appeared unable to adapt to the digital transformation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dilemmas...

In the era of rapidly developing technological advancement, digital transformation emerged as a cornerstone for multiple modern businesses in the 21st century, allowing them to innovate, compete, and thrive in a technically efficient connection to the global economy. Xiaomi Company, a leading industry...

In the digital age, information technology is powerfully reshaping business. Consumer demands are constantly diversifying, and competition is increasingly sharpening. This new landscape makes digital transformation an essential pathway for enterprises’ growth. Take Nongfu Spring as a prime example. In...

This paper synthesizes existing research to examine the effects of digital inclusive finance on household finance. Focusing on five dimensions—household income, consumption, assets, liabilities, and financial stability—the study reviews prior literature and highlights the following findings: particularly...

In recent years, environmental protection has received increasing attention globally. Many governments have regarded green development as an important part of their future strategies and have promoted the realization of a green economy through policy guidance and legislation. In this context, enterprises,...

This case study examines the successful digital transformation of Wal-Mart. As a leading global retailer, Wal-Mart has maintained its leading position among the Fortune 500 by leveraging technologies such as big data and cloud computing to meet the challenges of the digital era. This paper analyzes the...

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed major flaws in the global intellectual property system governed by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement, particularly in its ability to address global health emergencies. These shortcomings highlight the ongoing tension...

Cryptocurrencies are difficult to be replaced by traditional currencies due to their numerous advantages. The uncertainty of their fluctuations makes cryptocurrency prediction valuable yet challenging, and an effective prediction model can provide investors with many decision-making bases. In this study,...

With the increasing influence of Bitcoin in the market, the prediction of Bitcoin price has also received a lot of attention. Accurately predicting Bitcoin prices is of great importance to both traders and investors. This research selects the Bitcoin price from 2020 to 2023 during the epidemic period...

In recent years, the e-commerce data landscape in the US has undergone significant transformations, especially under the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting broader shifts in consumer behaviour and technological advancements as the digital marketplace continues to expand. Consequently, efficiently...

E-commerce has become a key component of the modern economy, driving growth, innovation, and global connectivity. However, it has also raised serious concerns about wealth inequality, as dominant players such as Amazon, Alibaba, and Flipkart have amassed disproportionate market power and profits. This...

E-commerce retail sales have grown significantly recently due to technological advancements and the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of accurate sales forecasting in this domain is boosted drastically. The study addresses a gap in the field regarding the robustness of forecasting models in the face...

In the process of business operation, businesses face various threats, including market competition, technological changes, and uncertainty in macroeconomic policies. The emergence of these external threats will affect the expansion of enterprise scale, delay enterprise investment, and increase the potential...

Fiscal and monetary policy interactions are crucial for macroeconomic stability, particularly during crises. While fiscal policy influences aggregate demand through government spending and taxation, monetary policy controls inflation and economic activity via interest rate adjustments. Using econometric...

Stock price forecasting is crucial for investors and financial analysts, especially in the medical sector, which faces rapid technological advancements and fluctuating market conditions. However, accurately predicting stock prices remains a challenge, particularly for companies involved in vaccine development,...

Exchange rates exhibit unique market behavior with influences on many macroeconomic factors, making it an interesting subject for time series analysis. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models have been employed...

This paper investigates the factor-scoring ranking stock selection strategy within the US S&P 500 stock market, employing a quantitative approach that integrates multiple technical factors to generate trading signals. Focusing on a period that mitigated the influence of extreme events, the analysis...

This paper focuses on how psychological bias affects the asset pricing in behavioral finance, an emerging field that attempts to integrate psychological theory into the market realties. Simple postulates from conventional finance theories such as Efficient Market Hypothesis indicate that markets are...

The integration of environmental awareness into the food industry has created challenges and opportunities, particularly for multinational corporations like PepsiCo. This study examines PepsiCo’s strategies in market expansion, technological innovation, and financial management to understand its competitive...

In recent years, as China has gradually become a huge trading body in international trade, there have been many frictions between the United States and China, which have had a great impact on the entire world trading system. US criticism of China mainly focuses on its government subsidies, market access...

This paper explores The Coca-Cola Company as a case study to evaluate how value chain analysis can drive cost reduction and value creation to secure a competitive advantage. To accomplish this, a combination of qualitative exploration and quantitative comparisons is conducted through an in-depth analysis...

In light of growing environmental challenges such as climate change and resource scarcity, there is increasing emphasis on reevaluating the relationship between industrial development and the natural environment. The United Nations advocates for sustainable development, promoting the harmonious coexistence...

This article selects Xiaomi as the research object. Firstly, a brief introduction is given to the basic situation of Xiaomi and the technology industry it operates in, and an overview of Xiaomi’s value chain and corporate culture concept is provided; Then, using the SWOT analysis method, describe and...

Coca-Cola, founded in 1886, is the world’s largest beverage company, operating in over 200 countries with 160 brands and a robust distribution network. Despite its global prominence and diversified portfolio, the company faces challenges related to health-conscious consumer trends and intense industry...

This paper analyses Tesla’s position and performance in the new energy vehicle industry. Tesla’s leadership in electric vehicle technology and brand influence has contributed to the popularity and marketability of electric vehicles, driving the automotive industry towards sustainable energy. Global market...